The Presence and Seroprevalence of Arthropod-Borne Viruses in Nasiriyah Governorate, Southern Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study

Barakat, Ali; Smura, Teemu; Kuivanen, Suvi; Huhtamo, Eili; Kurkela, Satu; Putkuri, Niina; Hasony, Hassan J.; Al-Hello, Haider; Vapalahti, Olli

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0622

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Overall, as shown in the maps in Fig 3A , the studies were primarily conducted in inter-tropical areas, with some disparities within this region. We identified data from eight world regions, including eight studies from North America [ 15 , 22 , 55 , 60 , 60 , 71 ], three from Europe [ 65 , 126 , 134 ], 12 from Oceania [ 8 , 29 , 32 , 33 , 114 , 161 , 163 , 165 ], 38 from Central America and the Caribbean [ 20 , 24 , 24 , 36 – 38 , 48 , 48 , 53 , 58 , 63 , 91 , 94 , 95 , 97 , 98 , 100 , 103 , 105 , 106 , 111 , 117 , 117 , 118 , 120 , 121 , 121 , 141 , 158 ], 21 from Latin America [ 17 , 19 , 19 , 19 , 23 , 25 ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current challenges and implications for dengue, chikungunya and Zika seroprevalence studies worldwide: A scoping review

Fritzell¹,

Rousset²,

Adde³

et al. 2018

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

156

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundArboviral infections are a public health concern and an escalating problem worldwide. Estimating the burden of these diseases represents a major challenge that is complicated by the large number of unapparent infections, especially those of dengue fever. Serological surveys are thus required to identify the distribution of these diseases and measure their impact. Therefore, we undertook a scoping review of the literature to describe and summarize epidemiological practices, findings and insights related to seroprevalence studies of dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus, which have rapidly expanded across the globe in recent years.Methodology/Principal findingsRelevant studies were retrieved through a literature search of MEDLINE, WHOLIS, Lilacs, SciELO and Scopus (2000 to 2018). In total, 1389 publications were identified. Studies addressing the seroprevalence of dengue, chikungunya and/or Zika written in English or French and meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. In total, 147 studies were included, from which 185 data points were retrieved, as some studies used several different samples. Most of the studies were exclusively conducted on dengue (66.5%), but 16% were exclusively conducted on chikungunya, and 7 were exclusively conducted on Zika; the remainder were conducted on multiple arboviruses. A wide range of designs were applied, but most studies were conducted in the general population (39%) and in households (41%). Although several assays were used, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were the predominant test used (77%). The temporal distribution of chikungunya studies followed the virus during its rapid expansion since 2004. The results revealed heterogeneity of arboviruses seroprevalence between continents and within a given country for dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses, ranging from 0 to 100%, 76% and 73% respectively.Conclusions/SignificanceSerological surveys provide the most direct measurement for defining the immunity landscape for infectious diseases, but the methodology remains difficult to implement. Overall, dengue, chikungunya and Zika serosurveys followed the expansion of these arboviruses, but there remain gaps in their geographic distribution. This review addresses the challenges for researchers regarding study design biases. Moreover, the development of reliable, rapid and affordable diagnosis tools represents a significant issue concerning the ability of seroprevalence surveys to differentiate infections when multiple viruses co-circulate.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current challenges and implications for dengue, chikungunya and Zika seroprevalence studies worldwide: A scoping review

Fritzell¹,

Rousset²,

Adde³

et al. 2018

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

156

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For the cohort from Iraq, we obtained serum samples from 99 healthy adults ( Table 1 ) to assess exposure of the population to various virus infections in Nasiriyah, Dhi Qar, in southern Iraq ( 26 ). Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants, and the study was approved by the Ethics Committees of Medical Sciences at Basrah University and the Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Distribution of Human Protoparvoviruses

Väisänen¹,

Mohanraj²,

Kinnunen³

et al. 2018

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Development of next-generation sequencing and metagenomics has revolutionized detection of novel viruses. Among these viruses are 3 human protoparvoviruses: bufavirus, tusavirus, and cutavirus. These viruses have been detected in feces of children with diarrhea. In addition, cutavirus has been detected in skin biopsy specimens of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma patients in France and in 1 melanoma patient in Denmark. We studied seroprevalences of IgG against bufavirus, tusavirus, and cutavirus in various populations (n = 840), and found a striking geographic difference in prevalence of bufavirus IgG. Although prevalence was low in adult populations in Finland (1.9%) and the United States (3.6%), bufavirus IgG was highly prevalent in populations in Iraq (84.8%), Iran (56.1%), and Kenya (72.3%). Conversely, cutavirus IgG showed evenly low prevalences (0%–5.6%) in all cohorts, and tusavirus IgG was not detected. These results provide new insights on the global distribution and endemic areas of protoparvoviruses.

show abstract

“…Blood donor serosurveys can be an efficient means of gaining preliminary insight into the epidemiology and potential burden of these viruses in this circumstance. Few blood donor surveys have ever been conducted for DENV and CHIKV in the MENA region, and none have sampled nationals from other countries or compared prevalence to non-MENA nationals [16–22]. The objective of this study is to characterize the seroprevalence of anti-DENV and anti-CHIKV antibodies among blood donors residing in Qatar who are MENA and non-MENA nationals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue and chikungunya seroprevalence among Qatari nationals and immigrants residing in Qatar

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study is to characterize the seroprevalence of anti-dengue (DENV) and anti-chikungunya (CHIKV) antibodies among blood donors residing in Qatar who are Middle East and North Africa (MENA) nationals and non-nationals. Sera were collected from adult blood donors in Qatar from 2013 to 2016 and tested for anti-DENV and anti-CHIKV IgG using commercial microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Age-specific seroprevalence was summarized by region/nationality: Asia (India, Philippines), Middle East (Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Pakistan, Palestine, Syria, Yemen), North Africa (Egypt, Sudan), Qatar. The adjusted odds of anti-DENV and anti-CHIKV IgG seropositivity was estimated by logistic regression. Among 1,992 serum samples tested, Asian nationals had higher adjusted odds of being seropositive for anti-DENV antibodies compared to nationals of the Middle East (aOR 0.05, 95% CI 0.04–0.07), North Africa (aOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.10–0.20), and Qatar (aOR 0.01, 95% CI 0.01–0.03). Asian nationals also had higher adjusted odds of being seropositive for anti-CHIKV antibodies compared to those from the Middle East (aOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.07–0.27), North Africa (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.26–0.96), and Qatar (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.15–0.96). The adjusted odds of being anti-DENV seropositive was higher among anti-CHIKV seropositive adults, and vice versa (aOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.09–3.44), suggesting co-circulation of these viruses. DENV and CHIKV exposure is lower in Qatar and MENA nationals compared to Asian nationals suggesting a lower burden of DENV and CHIKV disease in the MENA. Antibodies to both viruses were detected in nationals from most MENA countries, supporting the need to better understand the regional epidemiology of these viruses.

show abstract

The Presence and Seroprevalence of Arthropod-Borne Viruses in Nasiriyah Governorate, Southern Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Current challenges and implications for dengue, chikungunya and Zika seroprevalence studies worldwide: A scoping review

Current challenges and implications for dengue, chikungunya and Zika seroprevalence studies worldwide: A scoping review

Global Distribution of Human Protoparvoviruses

Dengue and chikungunya seroprevalence among Qatari nationals and immigrants residing in Qatar

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About