The prepyloric contractions in the normal stomach

Keet, Albertus D.

doi:10.3109/00016925709171476

Cited by 23 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The controversy in the literature over the type of contraction of the terminal antrum seems to be a matter of interpretation, in that the quickly moving peristaltic wave is described as a simultaneous, concentric, or systolic contraction. [11][12][13] The present experiments revealed that only sufficiently liquefied ingesta were delivered into the duodenum, whereas contents of medium and high viscosity were retropelled. This discriminatory function ofthe stomach was caused by adjusting the depth of the indentations of the antral waves to the viscosity of the gastric contents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Motor function of gastric antrum and pylorus for evacuation of low and high viscosity meals in dogs.

Pröve¹,

Ehrlein²

1982

Gut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY In five conscious dogs motility of the antrum, pyloric sphincter, and duodenum was recorded with strain gauge transducers and induction coils. Gastric evacuation of low, medium, and high viscosity meals was measured via a duodenal cannula and observed simultaneously by radiography. Computer analysis of the propagation of the gastric waves revealed increased velocity in the distal antrum but no simultaneous contractions of the terminal antrum and pyloric sphincter. Radiography showed, and measurements of the antral diameter confirmed, that the indentations of the gastric waves were significantly deeper with the low viscosity liquid meal compared with the medium and high viscosity meals. Thereby, retropulsion of the medium and high viscosity ingesta was produced. Results indicated that gastric evacuation was regulated predominantly by the depth of the peristaltic indentation, which depended on the viscosity ofthe gastric contents. Nothing indicated that the phasic contractions of the pyloric sphincter were of importance for the regulation of gastric emptying.In previous studies on rabbits' it was found that gastric evacuation depended on the viscosity of the test meals. These findings were in agreement with the results of other groups which have measured gastric emptying of solid particles and of liquids labelled with isotopes.3-7 However, little is known about the different mechanisms involved in the gastric emptying of liquids and solids. Dozois et aL8 and Wilbur and Kelly9 studied the effect of antrectomy and vagotomy on gastric emptying of liquids and of radiopaque plastic spheres in dogs. They concluded that the gastric emptying of liquids is regulated by the proximal stomach, whereas that of solids is regulated by the distal stomach. The simultaneous contractions of the terminal antrum and of the pyloric sphincter produced retropulsion as described in dogs'0 and in humans."-'3 Thereby, the plastic spheres were retained in the stomach, while liquids were emptied very quickly. These results support the idea ofCannon'4 that the pyloric sphincter is the 'keeper of the gate'. However, it is doubtful whether the evacuation of large plastic spheres represents the emptying pattern of normal food. Moreover, these results are largely based on fluoroscopic observations. Exact measurements of Our objective was to clarify the mechanism by which gastric evacuation of liquid and visc us ingesta is regulated. This was accomplished by simultaneous radiography, recording the gastric and duodenal motility, and measuring the gastric evacuation.The study was part of a dissertation.'5 An abstract of the results was presented at the 7th

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Motor function of gastric antrum and pylorus for evacuation of low and high viscosity meals in dogs.

Pröve¹,

Ehrlein²

1982

Gut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The terminal antrum plays a particular role in the regulation of gastric emptying of solid particles. In the dog (Carlson, Code & Nelson, 1966;Dozois, Kelly & Code, 1971) as well as in humans (Keet, 1957) simultaneous contractions of the terminal antrum and the pylorus were described forcing solid particles back into the gastric body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Factors Regulating Gastric Emptying of Viscous Nutrient Meals in Dogs

1984

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms controlling gastric emptying of viscous meals. In four conscious dogs the antral, pyloric and duodenal activities were recorded with strain-gauge transducers and induction coils during gastric evacuation of an inert cellulose meal and of four nutrient meals containing mannitol, casein, glucose or oleic acid. Gastric emptying and the internal pyloric and duodenal diameters were measured from radiographs. The nutrients delayed gastric emptying and diminished to a various extent the antral and duodenal motility as well as the pyloric opening. The motility gradient between antral and duodenal activity showed no relationship to the emptying delay. The duodenal lumen was reduced and the propulsive contractions of the duodenum decreased while the segmental activity increased. The findings suggest that gastric emptying is controlled by (1) the depth of the antral waves, (2) the pyloric opening, (3) the receptive relaxation of the duodenum and (4) the type of the duodenal contractions. By contrast the sequence of the terminal antral contraction and the pyloric closure, as well as the co-ordination between pyloric and duodenal contractions, played no important role in regulating gastric emptying.

show abstract