The preparation, surface structure, zeta potential, surface charge density and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanostructures of different shapes

Soil-water characteristic curves and hydraulic conductivity of nanomaterial-soil-bentonite mixtures

“…Similarly, for S4 soil sample, the zeta potential value which was −47.4 mV becomes more negative (−47.6 and −47.7 mV) after adding nano-alumina and nano-copper, respectively. This behaviour was also noted on other materials by other researchers (Au and Leong 2013;Castellote et al 2006;Grover et al 2013;Hussain et al 1996;Tunç and Duman 2008).…”

Preparation and characterization of Ag-doped TiO2 nanomaterials and their photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) under visible light

“…458.5 and 464.5 eV correspond to the photosplitting electrons Ti 4+ 2p 3/2 and Ti 4+ 2p 1/2 , indicating that titanium in the sample is in the form of Ti 4+ [21]. The binding energies of O 1s (529.90 eV) corresponded to the lattice oxygen O 2− [28], and the binding energies of O 1s (529.7 and 529.73 eV) corresponded to the surface-adsorbed oxygen, such as O 2 2− or O − belonging to defect oxide or hydroxyl-like group [29]. After hightemperature heat treatment (400-600 • C), the binding energies of O 1s shifted towards lower binding energies (0.17-0.19 eV), indicating the presence of more hydroxyls on the catalyst surface.…”

“…For the application as photocatalyst, TiO 2 has attracted comprehensive scientific interests and been widely investigated in recent years, due to its advantages such as low cost, nontoxicity, availability, and structural stability [1][2][3]. Nevertheless, the photocatalysis over TiO 2 is limited by three major phenomena: Firstly, due to its wide band gap (3.2 eV), which requires UV light irradiation to obtain its photocatalytic activity; indeed, UV light only accounts for a small fraction (5%) of the sun's energy compared to visible light (45%); Secondly, due to the increased carrier-recombination possibility, only a small fraction of electrons and holes generated by photoabsorption are involved in catalytic reactions; Thirdly, nanosize TiO 2 particles in suspension are difficult to handle and remove after their application in water and wastewater treatment.…”

FeOx magnetization enhancing E. coli inactivation by orders of magnitude on Ag-TiO2 nanotubes under sunlight

“…A peak reduction in the anatase reflections of (101) and (020) was observed on the magnetite and goethite peaks. It has been reported by Selmani et al, [56] and Grover et al, [57] that the magnetite/goethite incorporation in a nanocomposite was a function of: the applied temperature, the co-precipitation pH in the aqueous solution and the sample exposition to N 2 or air during heat treatment/calcination. Using eq.…”

“…4a. Goethite being a weak magnetic material will decrease the magnetization of magnetite (band gap of 0.1 eV) [57].…”