The preparation of human cross sections

Boushey, Dallas R.; Stultz, Walter Alva

doi:10.1002/ar.1092070218

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Boushey et al. [49] published an early study employing QCT in a clinical context to evaluate osteoporosis. The authors employed QCT in the examination of lumbar vertebral mineral content.…”

Section: Historical Perspectives: a Brief History Of Three-dimensionamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advancements in the analysis of bone microstructure: new dimensions in forensic anthropology

Andronowski

Crowder

Martinez

2018

Forensic Sciences Research

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Bone is a mechanically active, three-dimensionally (3D) complex, and dynamic tissue that changes in structure over the human lifespan. Bone tissue exists and remodels in 3D and changes over time, introducing a fourth dimension. The products of the remodelling process, secondary and fragmentary osteons, have been studied substantially using traditional two-dimensional (2D) techniques. As a result, much has been learned regarding the biological information encrypted in the histomorphology of bone, yielding a wealth of information relating to skeletal structure and function. Three-dimensional imaging modalities, however, hold the potential to provide a much more comprehensive understanding of bone microarchitecture. The visualization and analysis of bone using high-resolution 3D imaging will improve current understandings of bone biology and have numerous applications in both biological anthropology and biomedicine. Through recent technological advancements, we can hone current anthropological applications of the analysis of bone microstructure and accelerate research into the third and fourth dimensional realms. This review will explore the methodological approaches used historically by anthropologists to assess cortical bone microstructure, spanning from histology to current ex vivo imaging modalities, discuss the growing capabilities of in vivo imaging, and conclude with an introduction of novel non-histological modalities for investigating bone quality.

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“…Boushey et al. [49] published an early study employing QCT in a clinical context to evaluate osteoporosis. The authors employed QCT in the examination of lumbar vertebral mineral content.…”

Section: Historical Perspectives: a Brief History Of Three-dimensionamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advancements in the analysis of bone microstructure: new dimensions in forensic anthropology

Andronowski

Crowder

Martinez

2018

Forensic Sciences Research

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“…The advantages of anatomical sections generally have recently also been stressed by others (Peppler et al, 1983;Boushey and Stultz, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Transverse sections of the elbow region in man, made into transparencies and embedded in plastic in a self‐study module

et al. 1984

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“…Embedding large frozen specimens (blocks up to 140 x 100 x 200 mm) in a polystyrene box using polyurethane as a homogeneous embedding medium gives the following advantages over other methods (Boushey et al, 1983):…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic embedding procedure for 15 μm sections of large undecalcified tissue blocks

1992

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A method is described that produces sections (15 microns) of large specimens (with dimensions up to 140 x 100 x 200 mm). They are suitable for comparison to CT images of that specimen and can be used as a basis for three-dimensional reconstructions. Frozen unfixed parts of the human body are embedded in polyurethane and scanned with CT. Undecalcified slices, 6 mm thick, of these specimens are cut with a bandsaw. These slices are successfully embedded in polyester resin by means of fixation, dehydration, and subsequent impregnation with this resin. Sections of 15 microns are obtained by cutting the trimmed and sandpapered polyester blocks with an LKB multirange microtome. They are collected on adhesive tape and stained according to Weigert-Azan, sealed between adhesive acetate sheets and photographed on colour slide film. As an example photographs of sections of the human elbow and lumbar spine region are presented.

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The preparation of human cross sections

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Recent advancements in the analysis of bone microstructure: new dimensions in forensic anthropology

Recent advancements in the analysis of bone microstructure: new dimensions in forensic anthropology

Transverse sections of the elbow region in man, made into transparencies and embedded in plastic in a self‐study module

Plastic embedding procedure for 15 μm sections of large undecalcified tissue blocks

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