The preparation of high-purity thorium by the magnesium reduction of thorium tetrachloride

Peterson, D.T.; Krupp, W.E.; Schmidt, F. A.

doi:10.1016/0022-5088(64)90025-6

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Some of the early work for thorium considered the reduction of ThCl 4 in sodium with a focus to produce large quantities of high purity thorium metal; this method relied on a chlorination step prior to the formation of the feed material ThCl 4 . 185 The production of ThCl 4 incorporated either one of two reagents: sulfur monochloride or phosgene chloride. It was found after using sulfur monochloride that the product had large quantities of sulfur contaminant, in excess of 300 ppm, whereas phosgene chloride had much lower levels of impurity but needed nearly 60 h to produce the feed material, ThCl 4 .…”

Section: Thoriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical processing in molten salts – a nuclear perspective

Mirza

Abdulaziz

Maskell

et al. 2023

Energy Environ. Sci.

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Section: Thoriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical processing in molten salts – a nuclear perspective

Mirza

Abdulaziz

Maskell

et al. 2023

Energy Environ. Sci.

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“…In a study on the magnetic and electric anomalies in LaCoO3 Heikes et al (11) presented Seebeck coefficient measurements on Gerthsen and H~rdtl (10) performed measurements of the Seebeck coefficient and the Hall effect on single crystalline material for samples with small Sr doping (x < 0.03) and on some polycrystalline, high relative density (>90%), samples with doping contents up to x ----0.20.…”

Section: The Thermoelectric Power Of Lal_xsr Coo _ F R Van Buren Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…properties are extremely sensitive to carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, and its electrotransport parameters are well k n o w n (9,10). The thorium metal was prepared by a magnesium intermediate alloy process developed by Peterson et al (11). All samples were fabricated from a triple electron-beam melted ingot by rolling and swaging at ambient temperature.…”

Section: O C T O B E R 1979mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrotransport Purification of Thorium under Low Pressure Conditions

Schmidt

Outlaw

Lunde

1979

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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It has been demonstrated that the ultrapurification of thorium by electrotransport refining is highly sensitive to the background gas density in which the refining takes place. The electrotransport purification of thorium has been studied over a total pressure range (predominantly H20 and CO) of 2 X 10 -2 to 2 X 10 -i2 Torr. Polycrystalline thorium samples, with an initial resistance ratio of 35, were purified to a ratio of 2040. Thorium refined a second time, yielded metal with a ratio of 4200, which is the purest thorium ever reported. Purification experiments conducted within a prescribed background of nitrogen (4 X 10 -1~ and 5 X 10 -9 Torr) show a significantly higher resistance ratio than normally achieved at such pressures having a hydrogen and CO background. It is postulated that the adsorbed nitrogen inhibits the adsorption and incorporation of CO and, therefore, limits the carbon concentration in the thorium bulk. During the purification process (1500~176 gravitationally induced grain slippage was observed to occur at the boundaries of the thorium grains. A distributed magnetic force system was applied to the sample to counteract the gravitational force, resulting in a 90% reduction of the grain slippage.The migration of solutes in solid metals under the influence of a direct current has been known since 1928 when Coehn and Specht (1) observed hydrogen transport in palladium. In this process a constant voltage is applied across the metal sample which yields an internal electric field and a constant current which heats the sample. These combined effects produce the electrotransport phenomenon. The solutes are stimulated by the charged carriers to move toward one of the ends of the sample, thereby leaving a major portion of the sample virtually free of impurities. Many of the earlier investigators of electrotransport of interstitial solutes interpreted the direction and velocity of migration on the basis of a charge on the solute particle. In 1953, Seith and Wever (2) showed this interpretation to be incomplete and one cannot separate the contributions to the force moving the solute which arise from the charge on the solute in an electric field and the momentum transfer from the scattering of electrons or holes. Reviews by Heuman (3), Verhoeven (4), Huntington (5) consider both the electrostatic force and the force resulting from moving electrons being scattered by the solute. The potential for applying electrotransport to the ultrapurification of metals has been described by Verhoeven (6) and Peterson (7). This technique has been used extensively at the Ames Laboratory, DOE, for removing interstitial solutes from many of the refractory and rare earth metals. These investigations have been summarized in a recent publication in which the direction of solute movement in an electric field is empirically correlated with the atomic radius of the solvent metal at the temperature of transport (8).However, electrotransport processing has been limited by the presence of the residual gases in the vacuum system in w...

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“…ThCl^ used in the present work was prepared by the method described in literature (60). It was redistilled before use.…”

Section: Salt Purificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrometallurgical separation of uranium from (Th,U)02 solid solutions

Jha

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The preparation of high-purity thorium by the magnesium reduction of thorium tetrachloride

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Electrochemical processing in molten salts – a nuclear perspective

Electrochemical processing in molten salts – a nuclear perspective

Electrotransport Purification of Thorium under Low Pressure Conditions

Pyrometallurgical separation of uranium from (Th,U)02 solid solutions

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