The preparation of colloidal gold particles using tannic acid as an additional reducing agent

Mühlpfordt, H

doi:10.1007/bf01955405

Cited by 167 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Colloidal gold (15 to 20 nm) was prepared by the reduction of chloroauric acid with sodium citrate (Frens, 1973). Chloroauric acid was reduced with a combination of tannic acid and sodium citrate to produce 5 nm colloidal gold (Mulpfordt, 1982). The amount of Protein A (Pharmacia) required for the complete stabilization of the colloidal gold was determined according to the procedure of Horrisberger & Rosset (1977) and conjugated following the method described by Slot & Geuze (1981).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intracellular Distribution of Influenza Virus Matrix Protein and Nucleoprotein in Infected Cells and Their Relationship to Haemagglutinin in the Plasma Membrane

Patterson¹,

Gross²,

Oxford

1988

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYPre-and post-embedding immune electron microscopy techniques employing ferritin and large and small gold markers to detect cell surface and intracellular antigens respectively, have been combined in a study of influenza virus-infected cells. This has permitted, for the first time, the simultaneous detection of intracellular virus matrix protein (M), nucleoprotein (NP) and membrane haemagglutinin (HA). The technique facilitated an investigation of the possible physical interrelationship between these three proteins both in the infected cell, and on the infected cell membrane. Electron-dense bodies uniformly labelled by antibody to M protein were observed in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Similarly, NP was detected in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Approximately 509/oo of the nuclear N P was located in close proximity to the M protein-containing dense bodies but mainly on the perimeter of the structures. A similar relationship of NP to the M-containing dense bodies was observed in the cytoplasm. M protein and NP were readily detected in sections of budding virions. Labelling of these proteins was also observed on the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane but the density of labelling only occasionally approached that of newly formed virions. These findings suggest that budding occurs very quickly after the internal proteins arrive at the plasma membrane. Double labelling experiments on the cell surface indicate that NP and HA behave as independent molecules and do not form tight complexes with each other.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intracellular Distribution of Influenza Virus Matrix Protein and Nucleoprotein in Infected Cells and Their Relationship to Haemagglutinin in the Plasma Membrane

Patterson¹,

Gross²,

Oxford

1988

Journal of General Virology

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“…The protein A-colloidal gold-anti-SP complex was prepared by in cubating the purified SP antiserum with protein A-gold of 15 nm in diameterfor I h a t3 2 ' C: 10 pi of 7-fold condensed purified anti-SP serum were incubated with 50 ul of protein A-gold. Gold-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (IgG-gold) was prepared by the method of De Mey et al [6] using 5-nm gold particles made with a combination of tannic acid and sodium citrate [27].…”

Section: Electron Microscopy: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical Studies on the Roles of Substance P in the Rat Hypothalamus: Possible Implication in the Hypothalamic-Hypophysial-Gonadal Axis

Tsuruo¹,

Hisano²,

Nakanishi³

et al. 1987

Neuroendocrinology

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The hypothalamic neurons containing substance P (SP) were examined immunohistochemically in rats with a normal estrous cycle or persistent estrus (PE), in pregnancy and in lactating state. In PE animals, the neurons increased in number 1 week after ovariectomy, but then decreased and disappeared. During pregnancy, there were many SP neurons at an early stage but later they gradually decreased in number and disappeared. Consequently, during lactation no SP neurons were evident. The external layer of the median eminence (ME) contained many immunolabeled nerve terminals. In the ME prepared by a freeze-drying technique and immunostained with gold-labeled IgG by the postembedding procedure, the immunolabeled terminals were seen to contain large cored vesicles (50–100 nm) labeled with gold and unlabeled small clear vesicles (30–50 nm). In normal cycling rats, the terminals contained large cored vesicles in diestrus, small clear vesicles in estrus, and both in proestrus. In PE rats, the terminals contained only small clear vesicles, but the cored vesicles appeared after ovariectomy. In the early stage of pregnancy, the terminals contained only small clear vesicles, but the large cored vesicles appeared in late pregnancy and during lactation. These findings present further evidence that the hypothalamic SP neurons are involved in the hypothalamic-hypophysial-gonadal axis in rats.

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“…Turkevich [12] replicated Ostwald's protocol and reported the particle size to be 12.0˙3.6 nm based on TEM images. Mulphrodt [17] used tannic acid along with citrate to reduce the size of nanoparticles synthesised to values lower than that obtained by citrate method. Slot and Geuze [10] further modified the protocol and controlled the size of nanoparticles from 3.5 to 15 nm by varying the concentration of tannic acid in the synthesis, while the concentration of citrate remained constant.…”

Section: Tannic Acid As Reducing Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles

Santhanam

2015

Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering

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Noble metal nanoparticles possess unique size-dependent electronic and optical characteristics and are one of the foremost 'building blocks' for nanostructured device fabrication. As such, there is considerable interest in developing continuous-flow processes for large-scale synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles. In this chapter, we describe the results of our work aimed at understanding key process variables that determine particle size distribution in two popular protocols used for lab-scale synthesis of gold and silver colloids. Our understanding of the importance of aggregation and role of the pH of precursor solutions in determining the kinetics and stability of colloidal sols enabled us to propose suitable modifications in process conditions that enabled scalable synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles. These insights also led to the development of a novel route for low-cost fabrication of silver nanostructures on paper using an inkjet printer.

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The preparation of colloidal gold particles using tannic acid as an additional reducing agent

Cited by 167 publications

References 3 publications

The Intracellular Distribution of Influenza Virus Matrix Protein and Nucleoprotein in Infected Cells and Their Relationship to Haemagglutinin in the Plasma Membrane

The Intracellular Distribution of Influenza Virus Matrix Protein and Nucleoprotein in Infected Cells and Their Relationship to Haemagglutinin in the Plasma Membrane

Immunohistochemical Studies on the Roles of Substance P in the Rat Hypothalamus: Possible Implication in the Hypothalamic-Hypophysial-Gonadal Axis

Scalable Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles

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