The Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Based Hydrogels Cross-Linked by Glyoxal

Abstract

In this study, hydrogels based on chitosan cross-linked by glyoxal have been investigated for potential medical applications. Hydrogels were loaded with tannic acid at different concentrations. The thermal stability and the polyphenol-releasing rate were determined. For a preliminary assessment of the clinical usefulness of the hydrogels, they were examined for blood compatibility and in the culture of human dental pulp cells (hDPC). The results showed that after immersion in a polyphenol solution, chitosan/glyoxal hydrogels remain nonhemolytic for erythrocytes, and we also did not observe the cytotoxic effect of hydrogels immersed in tannic acid (TA) solutions with different concentration. Tannic acid was successfully released from hydrogels, and its addition improved material thermal stability. Thus, the current findings open the possibility to consider such hydrogels in clinics.

Tannic acid: a versatile polyphenol for design of biomedical hydrogels

“…9c). 243 Other biopolymer-based hydrogels comprise covalently crosslinked HA hydrogel, 244 photo-crosslinked methacrylated chitosan/methacrylated SF, 245 chemically crosslinked chitosan hydrogel, 246 and bacterial cellulose hydrogel 247 that were reinforced by immersing in TA solution for biomedical applications. Additionally, to enhance the gelation stability, adhesiveness, and mechanical attributes, another advantage of the indirect use of TA, is to conjugate bioactive agents such as ligand molecules to the hydrogels, the reason being their excellent surface coating ability without using extensive chemical modification and coupling agent.…”

Tannic acid post-treatment of enzymatically crosslinked chitosan-alginate hydrogels for biomedical applications

“…First, the chitosan and alginate were conjugated with phenol groups using a In the second step, the enzyme-mediated crosslinked hydrogel was immersed into a TA solution to obtain TA reinforced hydrogel (Gel-TA) through the formation of secondary crosslinking. After immersion, the hydrogel color changed to light brown, indicating the TA incorporation and formation of secondary crosslinking (Kaczmarek-Szczepańska, Mazur, Michalska-Sionkowska, Łukowicz, & Osyczka, 2021). TA can form multiple interactions such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, electrostatic, and coordination interaction with a wide range of polymers (Junling .…”

Dialdehyde Starch Nanocrystals as a Novel Cross-Linker for Biomaterials Able to Interact with Human Serum Proteins

“…They observed that the thermal stability of chitosan had been improved through cross-linking and grafting copolymerization. In the work of Kaczmarek-Szczepańska et al [ 75 ], glyoxal (10 wt%) was a cross-linking agent for chitosan hyrogels loaded with tannic acid. After modification, the three steps of degradation of the hydrogel were also noticed.…”