The predictors of high titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody of convalescent plasma donors

Abstract

Background Recent evidence suggested that the higher titers of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody from convalescent plasma donors contributed to the clinical improvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. However, the titers of anti -SARS-CoV-2 antibodies varied in each individual, and the precise factors that might govern such variation have not been elucidated. Objectives To assess the factors associated with high titers of anti -SARS-CoV-2 antibody among COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) donors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia. Information of interest including demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory findings, and the titers of anti -SARS-CoV-2 antibody among COVID-19 CCP donors were collected. The correlation was assessed using multiple logistic regression. Results A total of 50 COVID-19 CCP donors with the titers of anti -SARS-CoV-2 antibody of more than 1:320 and 33 donors with the titers of less than 1:320 were analyzed. Our analysis revealed that CCP donors with history of cough, fever, dyspnea, and pneumonia significantly had higher titers of anti -SARS-CoV-2 antibody compared to asymptomatic donors. Moreover, CCP donors with elevated levels of eosinophils and immature granulocytes and low levels of albumins had higher levels of anti -SARS-CoV-2 antibody. The titer of antibody was not affected by comorbidities of donors. Conclusions CPP donors who had experience of symptomatic COVID-19 with high eosinophils level, high immature granulocytes and low albumin level have higher titers of anti -SARS-COV-2 antibody than those who experienced asymptomatic COVID-19. Our current findings may be used as the additional baseline criteria for selecting the donors of CCP for the management of COVID-19.

Simple prediction of COVID-19 convalescent plasma with high levels of neutralization antibodies

“…We checked whether serological titer alone could represent an excellent predictive factor. Similar to previous studies [36][37][38] , we found higher NAb titers in older male patients with higher BMI, longer-lasting fever, and higher body temperature. Our search for an optimal prediction model showed that the most crucial predictor of a suitable CCP donor was the result of the serological Abbott Quant test.…”

Relationship between Acute-Phase Symptoms and Immunoglobulin G Seropositivity up to Eight Months after COVID-19

“…According to the obtained results, the presence of dyspnea in the acute phase of COVID-19 increased the probability of persisting IgG seropositivity in the following months. This is consistent with the findings of studies from the US (n = 250) and Indonesia (n = 83) conducted among COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors, in which a history of dyspnea was significantly related to protective anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers [10,11]. The odds ratio (OR) of dyspnea for IgG seropositivity determined in the US study was 1.61, i.e., similar to the present work (Table 1) [10].…”

“…In available studies, other symptoms, most commonly fever, were also identified as predictors of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG [10][11][12]. Since almost all symptomatic subjects experience more than one symptom, combinations of symptoms need to be evaluated too.…”

Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody persistence and viral spread in stool: a long-term care experience before COVID-19 vaccination

“…Karuna et al found that neutralizing antibody levels were higher in individuals recovering from severe COVID-19, with diabetes and lower in people with hypertension [ 17 ]. In a study searching for the predictors of high titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody of convalescent plasma donors, the authors pointed out that although high antibody titers were present, the antibody titer was not affected by comorbidities of donors [ 18 ].…”