The Predictors of COVID-19 Disease Outcomes in Health Care Workers

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 has been associated with many problems for the general public and especially health care workers (HCWs). This study conducted to provide predictors of COVID-19 outcomes on HCWs in Rasht, Iran.Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study, 381 HCWs with positive RT-PCR or high-resolution lungs computed tomography for COVID-19 from February 21 to April 19, 2020 evaluated. The prevalence, demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological presentations and outcomes and their correlation were studied.Results: The prevalence of COVID-19 in HCWs was 5.62%, and the total mortality rate was 0.2%. The mortality rates were different between genders (P=0.002) and in general ward compared to intensive care unit (P=0.001). In the multivariate analysis, age (OR:1.12, 95%CI 1.02–1.23, P=0.014), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR:10.73, 95%CI 1.91–60.3, P=0.007), blood group B (OR:19.2, 95%CI 1.8–199.984, P=0.013), the presence of peribronchovascular involvement (OR:1.1, 95% CI OR:1.02–1.2, P=0.019), dyspnea on admission (OR:1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.09, P=0.013), higher neutrophil count (OR:1.09, 95%CI 1.04–1.14, P<0.001), higher level of alkaline phosphatase (OR:1, 95%CI 1.001–1.002, P=0.001), and longer prothrombin time (OR:1.027, 95%CI 1.008–1.046, P=0.005) increase the risk of mortality. The cutoff of 90% for oxygen saturation on admission (sensitivity=91.9%, specificity=88.9%) and 1004 for absolute lymphocyte count (sensitivity=81.8%, specificity=66.6%) were estimated as predictors of mortality.Conclusions: Old age, male sex, underlying disease of DM and hypertension, O2 saturation less than 90%, and absolute lymphocyte count less than 1004/mL in HCWs are prone to adverse outcomes such as the need for mechanical ventilation or death.