The predictive value of the early maladaptive schemas in social situations in anorexia nervosa

Meneguzzo, Paolo; Collantoni, Enrico; Bonello, Elisa; Busetto, Paolo; Tenconi, Elena; Favaro, Angela

doi:10.1002/erv.2724

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…social isolation, and defectiveness could be dysfunctional coping strategies that characterized ED patients and that might be taken under consideration, especially in people with traumatic history (Sarin and Abela, 2003;Dakanalis et al, 2014;Pauwels et al, 2018;Meneguzzo et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, patients with traumatic histories have exhibited higher levels of personality traits and EMS than patients without a history of trauma (Unoka et al, 2010;Trottier and MacDonald, 2017;Scharff et al, 2021). Previous findings have shown that both personality traits and EMS have a role in the development of clinical profiles that are closely correlated with the emotional factors targeted in EDs treatment (Moulton et al, 2015;Trottier and MacDonald, 2017;Aloi et al, 2020;Meneguzzo et al, 2020a). Personality traits linked to multi-impulsivity behaviors like borderline, antisocial, and paranoid personality have been linked to the cascade effects of traumatic events in ED patients, with dysfunctional coping behaviors adopted in order to avoid thoughts, emotions, and memories (Sansone and Sansone, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations Between Trauma, Early Maladaptive Schemas, Personality Traits, and Clinical Severity in Eating Disorder Patients: A Clinical Presentation and Mediation Analysis

Meneguzzo

Cazzola²,

Castegnaro³

et al. 2021

Front. Psychol.

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Background: The literature has shown a significant association between traumatic experiences and eating psychopathology, showing a greater symptomatology in patients with trauma history. Less is known about the associations between trauma and cognitive schemas, and personality traits and the differences between childhood and adulthood trauma experiences. Thus, this paper aims to assess the clinical and psychological characteristics of eating disorder (ED) patients, looking for differences between patients without a history of trauma and patients with trauma experiences, as well as at possible differences between exposure in childhood, adulthood, or repeated events. Another aim of the paper is to evaluate the possible mediation role of cognitive schemas and personality traits in the relationship between early trauma and eating psychopathology.Methods: From January to November 2020, 115 consecutive inpatients admitted for a specific multidisciplinary ED treatment in a dedicated Unit were evaluated for trauma, differentiating between trauma occurring in childhood and adulthood. The subjects were evaluated for early maladaptive schemas (EMS), personality traits, trauma symptomatology, quality of life, and specific psychopathologies linked to EDs. Mediation analyses between childhood and adulthood trauma and eating psychopathology were performed, with EMS and personality traits as mediators.Results: Patients with a history of trauma showed higher physical and psychological symptomatology scores, with a more impaired clinical profile in patients with both childhood and adulthood trauma exposure. The mediation analysis showed a specific mediator role for the “disconnection and rejection (DR)” EMS factor in the relationship between childhood trauma (cT) and eating psychopathology.Conclusion: Trauma experiences are associated with more severe clinical symptomatology in EDs and may need a specific assessment in patients with failed outpatient standard treatments. Specific cognitive schemas linked to DR domain should be evaluated in treatments for ED patients with history of trauma due to the mediation role between trauma and eating psychopathology. The need for outcome studies about treatment approaches for ED patients with history of trauma is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Trauma, Early Maladaptive Schemas, Personality Traits, and Clinical Severity in Eating Disorder Patients: A Clinical Presentation and Mediation Analysis

Meneguzzo

Cazzola²,

Castegnaro³

et al. 2021

Front. Psychol.

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“…Thus, these unpleasant emotions will affect patients' social adjustment and therefore deteriorate their social relations. If an individual is afraid and insecure or perceives any situation as a threat or danger, it is difficult for them to relate to others, and consequently, these feelings can lead to social isolation, which is a key maintaining factor of the disorder (Kan and Treasure, 2019;Meneguzzo et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Illness Perception in Adolescent Patients With Anorexia: Does It Play a Role in socio-Emotional and Academic Adjustment?

et al. 2020

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People's beliefs about their illness have been shown to affect their adjustment. The aim of this study was to describe illness perception in adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and assess its relationship with socio-emotional and academic adjustment following Leventhal's Self-Regulation Model. Thirty-four female AN patients, with a mean age of 15.76 (SD = 2.00), completed the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R), the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). Adolescent anorexia patients perceived that they had control over their illness and treatment would improve their condition. However, they also believed that it was highly distressing, going to last a long time and would have serious consequences. As for the causes of the disorder, they were attributed primarily to a specific eating disorder and psychological factors. The results showed that anorexia patients' illness perceptions were related to socio-emotional and academic adjustment. In this sense, identity with the illness was associated with a worse academic adjustment, while emotional representation was associated with a worse emotional and social adjustment. These findings highlight how important it is for patients' beliefs about their disease to be considered in the treatment of anorexia. In this respect, clinicians treating these patients should consider how certain beliefs affect their academic and socioemotional adjustment. It would be interesting for patients to become aware of how these beliefs influence the strategies they use to cope with their disease as well as their adjustment to it.

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“…The Physical Appearance Comparison Scale (PACS) [46] was used to measure the subjects' tendency to compare their physical appearances with others in various social situations. The Italian version was already validated in a previous study [47]. The PACS is a 5-item Likert scale with five possible answers, ranging from "never" to "always."…”

Section: Physical Comparisons At Social Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of sexual orientation in the relationships between body perception, body weight dissatisfaction, physical comparison, and eating psychopathology in the cisgender population

et al. 2020

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Purpose Body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) and visual body perception are specific aspects that can influence the own body image, and that can concur with the development or the maintenance of specific psychopathological dimensions of different psychiatric disorders. The sexual orientation is a fundamental but understudied aspect in this field, and, for this reason, the purpose of this study is to improve knowledge about the relationships among BWD, visual body size-perception, and sexual orientation. Methods A total of 1033 individuals participated in an online survey. Physical comparison, depression, and self-esteem was evaluated, as well as sexual orientation and the presence of an eating disorder. A Figure Rating Scale was used to assess different valences of body weight, and mediation analyses were performed to investigated specific relationships between psychological aspects. Results Bisexual women and gay men reported significantly higher BWD than other groups (p < 0.001); instead, higher body misperception was present in gay men (p = 0.001). Physical appearance comparison mediated the effect of sexual orientation in both BWD and perceptual distortion. No difference emerged between women with a history of eating disorders and without, as regards the value of body weight attributed to attractiveness, health, and presence on social media. Conclusion This study contributes to understanding the relationship between sexual orientations and body image representation and evaluation. Physical appearance comparisons should be considered as critical psychological factors that can improve and affect well-being. The impact on subjects with high levels of eating concerns is also discussed. Level of evidence Level III: case–control analytic study.

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The predictive value of the early maladaptive schemas in social situations in anorexia nervosa

Cited by 35 publications

References 82 publications

Associations Between Trauma, Early Maladaptive Schemas, Personality Traits, and Clinical Severity in Eating Disorder Patients: A Clinical Presentation and Mediation Analysis

Associations Between Trauma, Early Maladaptive Schemas, Personality Traits, and Clinical Severity in Eating Disorder Patients: A Clinical Presentation and Mediation Analysis

Illness Perception in Adolescent Patients With Anorexia: Does It Play a Role in socio-Emotional and Academic Adjustment?

The role of sexual orientation in the relationships between body perception, body weight dissatisfaction, physical comparison, and eating psychopathology in the cisgender population

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