The Predictive Power of Peritraumatic Dissociation and Acute Stress Symptoms for Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: A Three-Month Prospective Study

Birmes, Philippe; Brunet, Alain; Carreras, Didier; Ducassé, J.-L.; Charlet, Jean-Paul; Lauque, D.; Sztulman, H.; Schmitt, Laurent

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.7.1337

Cited by 168 publications

(114 citation statements)

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“…Peritraumatic dissociation can be an independent predictor for disaster-related PTSD symptom severity a few months after a disaster (e.g., Birmes et al, 2003, Koopman et al, 1994Shalev, Peri, Canetti, & Schreiber, 1996). Correlations in our study between peritraumatic dissociation and psychological problems 2-3-weeks postdisaster are significant and strong: Pearson's correlation with the SCL-90-R was .59 and with the IES was .64.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The independent predictive value of peritraumatic dissociation for postdisaster intrusions, avoidance reactions, and PTSD symptom severity: A 4-year prospective study

et al. 2006

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This 4-year prospective study (N = 662) of victims of a fireworks disaster examines the independent predictive value of peritraumatic dissociation for self-reported intrusions, avoidance reactions, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity at both 18-months (T2) and almost 4-years postdisaster (T3). Peritraumatic dissociation was measured 2-3 weeks after the disaster (T1). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that peritraumatic dissociation was not a strong independent predictor for intrusions and avoidance reactions and PTSD symptom severity at T2 or at T3 above initial intrusions, avoidance reactions, and psychological distress (T1). Results suggest that an early screening procedure for peritraumatic dissociation, which is aimed at identifying disaster victims who are at risk for long-term psychological disturbances can be omitted.B. Christiaanse is now at GGD Nieuwe Waterweg Noord, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.The Enschede Fireworks Disaster Health Study was conducted on behalf of the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sports. We thank Sasja Dorresteijn for her contribution to the second and third survey. We thank Rebecca Stellato of the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) for her contribution to the three surveys. We are grateful for the cooperation of the affected residents who participated in the surveys.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Birmes et al (2003) for example, found that peritraumatic dissociation and acute stress symptoms together accounted for 33% of the explained variance in PTSD symptoms after 3 months. Their statistics showed that acute stress symptoms were marginally better independent predictors than peritraumatic dissociation.…”

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confidence: 99%

The independent predictive value of peritraumatic dissociation for postdisaster intrusions, avoidance reactions, and PTSD symptom severity: A 4-year prospective study

et al. 2006

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“…However, there are some interesting parallels between the two constructs. Both peritraumatic dissociation (Birmes et al, 2003;Punamaki, Komproe, Qouta, Elmasri, & de Jong, 2005;Gershuny, Cloitre, & Otto, 2003;Tichenor, Marmar, Weiss, Metzler, & Ronfeldt, 1999;Spiegel, Koopman, Cardena, & Classen, 1996) and SIA (Nishith, Griffin, & Poth, 2002) have been found to predict PTSD status in trauma victims.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dissociation and pain perception: An experimental investigation

Horowitz

Telch

2007

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Dissociative symptoms and abnormalities in pain perception have been associated with a range of disorders. The authors tested whether experimentally induced increases in state dissociation would cause an analgesic response. Participants (N = 120) were randomized to a dissociation induction condition via audiophotic stimulation or a credible control condition and were compared on pre‐ and postchanges in subjective pain and immersion time in response to a standard cold pressor test. Unexpectedly, the dissociation induction led to small, but significant increases in subjective pain and did not lead to greater immersion time. An exploratory analysis revealed that increases in absorption and derealization significantly predicted increased subjective pain and increased immersion time, respectively.

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“…Some researchers have suggested that these victims would like to avoid recalling traumatic events due to emotional distress such that these victims cannot completely report the traumatic event [70], and female victims in particular seem to have dissociative symptoms and adopt avoidance to cope with traumatic events [71]. Some researchers have shown that whether victims have dissociative symptoms is a major index of PTSD prediction [72,73]. According to the DSM-5 criteria [74] (APA, 2013), the original C3 criteria have been changed to be part of D (D1), which were called negative alterations in cognitions and mood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional Memory and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Preliminary Neuropsychological Study in Female Victims of Domestic Violence

Tang¹

2014

J Psychiatry

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Objectives: The current study was designed to examine the features of emotional memory that are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder and to investigate whether emotional memory and neuropsychological function predict the severity of PTSD symptoms.Method: Forty-five domestic violence victims were recruited and separated into the PTSD and N-PTSD groups, and 31 healthy volunteers were recruited as the normal control group. All participants filled out self-report instruments and underwent neuropsychological testing as well as an unexpected memory task (emotional memory questionnaire, EMQ) after watching a film on domestic violence. The questionnaire evaluated the participants' memory of the central aspects of the film (EMQ-C) and the peripheral aspects of the film (EMQ-P). Results:The PTSD group scored lower on the EMQ-C, whereas there were no significant differences for the EMQ-P or neuropsychological measures among the three groups. Additionally, the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), category fluency, Verbal Paired Associates and EMQ-C predicted the PTSD symptoms. Conclusions:Both the index of the emotional memory and the perseverative error of MCST are powerful predictors of the severity levels of PTSD symptoms.

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The Predictive Power of Peritraumatic Dissociation and Acute Stress Symptoms for Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: A Three-Month Prospective Study

Cited by 168 publications

References 10 publications

The independent predictive value of peritraumatic dissociation for postdisaster intrusions, avoidance reactions, and PTSD symptom severity: A 4-year prospective study

The independent predictive value of peritraumatic dissociation for postdisaster intrusions, avoidance reactions, and PTSD symptom severity: A 4-year prospective study

Dissociation and pain perception: An experimental investigation

Emotional Memory and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Preliminary Neuropsychological Study in Female Victims of Domestic Violence

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