The Predictive Power of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Improving Cognitive Problems in Patients Undergoing Brain Surgeries: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Context: One of the main objectives in neurosurgical procedures is the prevention of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia leading to secondary brain injury. Different methods for early detection of intraoperative cerebral ischemia and hypoxia have been used. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a simple, non-invasive method for monitoring cerebral oxygenation increasingly used today. Objectives: The aim of this study was to systematically review the brain monitoring with NIRS in neurosurgery. Data Sources: The search process resulted in the detection of 324 articles using valid keywords on the electronic databases, including Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Study Selection: Subsequently, the full texts of 34 studies were reviewed, and finally 11 articles (seven prospective studies, three retrospective studies, and one randomized controlled trial) published from 2005 to 2020 were identified as eligible for systematic review. Data Extraction: Meta-analysis was not possible due to high heterogeneity in neurological and neurosurgical conditions of patients, expression of different clinical outcomes, and different standard reference tests in the studies reviewed. Results: The results showed that NIRS is a non-invasive cerebral oximetry that provides continuous and measurable cerebral oxygenation information and can be used in a variety of clinical settings.

Electrical bioimpedance measurement and near-infrared spectroscopy in pediatric postoperative neurocritical care: a prospective observational study

“…According to our ROC curve analysis, DC exhibited excellent ability in detecting brain We also found a significant decrease in rSO 2 and a positive correlation between rSO 2 and CPP in pediatric patients who underwent craniocerebral surgery. An increasing number of studies (27,28) suggest that NIRS, as a noninvasive method, allows rapid, continuous and measurable detection of brain oxygenation, and the information regarding the balance between oxygen supply and oxygen consumption can be analyzed through rSO 2 (29). Secondary brain injury in postoperative craniocerebral injury patients leads to intracranial hypertension and impaired cerebral blood flow autoregulation, causing a decrease in cerebral blood flow and resulting in lower rSO 2 .…”

Diagnostic Potentials of Lung Ultrasound In Neonatal Care: An Updated Overview

“…NIRS has seen improvements in its ability to monitor cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics noninvasively [33]. This technique is valuable for continuous bedside monitoring, especially in preterm infants at risk of brain injury due to hypoxia or ischemia.…”

Multimodal monitoring: practical recommendations (dos and don'ts) in challenging situations and uncertainty

“…However, frontal NIRS patches will not give meaningful information on most patients with basilar vasospasm or similar vascular territory. In patients with scalp injury and skull discontinuity, NIRS may not be a reliable tool as these conditions can potentially affect the dispersion of the infrared signal, interfering with the determination of rSO2 measurements ( 61 ) ( Table 2 ).…”