The Prediction of Social Action from a Dimension of Internal-External Control

Strickland, Bonnie R.

doi:10.1080/00224545.1965.9919655

Cited by 152 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…Gore and Rotter (1963) found that southern Negro college students who scored highest on the mtemal dimension of the Rotter Internal-External (I-E) scale were significjantly higher m their response to an appeal to participate m a civil nghts demonstration than were those students sconng low on mtemal causahty Stnckland (1965) also found that Negro participants m the civil rights movement were significjantly higher on the mtemal causahty measure than a control group of Negro students.…”

Section: Eugene Thomas University Of Connecticutmentioning

confidence: 94%

The I-E scale, ideological bias, and political participation1

Thomas¹

1970

J Personality

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Summary This study was undertaken to examine ambiguities in the ability of the I‐E scale to predict complex social behavior. An analysis of the items in the I‐E scale suggested that the scale might contain a conservative bias Further, it was suggested that responses to the items may be determined by the individual's political and social ideology, which in turn are influenced by the political and social norms to which he has been exposed The sample consisted of one parent and a college‐aged child from 60 upper‐middle‐class families in which the parent was visible in the community for political and social participation, half the parents interviewed were liberal, and half conservative in their political views A number of measures of political and social participation were administered, along with a shortened version of the I‐E scale The findings of the study supported the contention that the “internal” items on the I‐E scale are more congenial to persons holding conservative political views than for those holding liberal views. Perceived internal causality, as measured by the I‐E scale, was found to be nonsignificantly correlated with any of the measures of political participation for the parent sample, with five of the six correlations being in the opposite direction from that predicted by social learning theory The results of the study were discussed in terms of White's distinction between the “moralizer” and “reformer” approach to social problems The validity of the I‐E scale as a measure of a stable personality trait was called into question, as was its usefulness in predicting complex social behavior

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Section: Eugene Thomas University Of Connecticutmentioning

confidence: 94%

The I-E scale, ideological bias, and political participation1

Thomas¹

1970

J Personality

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“…Individuals with an intemal locus of control believe that the reinforcements they receive are contingent upon their own behavior, whereas individuals with an extemal locus of control beheve that the reinforcements they receive are a matter of chance or luck. In general, it has been observed, as predicted, that intemals are more active than extemals in their attempts to control or manipulate the environment in an effective way (Gore & Rotter, 1963;James, Woodruff, & Wemer, 1965;MacDonald, 1970;Seeman & Evans, 1962;Straits & Sechrest, 1963;Strickland, 1965).…”

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confidence: 79%

The differential effects of rewarding and coercive leaders on group members differing in locus of control¹

Cravens

Worchel

1977

Journal of Personality

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“…But the individual's participation in such activity (his proneness to activism, whether violent or not) can be viewed rather differently. Some time ago, Gore & Rotter (1963) as well as Strickland (1965) proposed and found that low powerlessness (high mastery) correlated with greater social activism -in their case, greater expressed readiness to participate in civil rights activities -the thesis being that greater generalized confidence in the efficacy of one's action would translate into greater readiness to take part in such social action. As McWilliams (1973:66) puts it: ' ... estranged men are not often engaged in political protest; those who feel powerless are more inclined to submit and even to mask their resentments.…”

Section: Powerlessnessmentioning

confidence: 97%

Empirical Alienation Studies: An Overview

Seeman

1976

Theories of Alienation

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The very existence of this chapter on alienation should be recognized as a confirmation of sorts. Though many have declared the idea of alienation wearied and moribund (its obituary already written, Lee 1972), the evidence compiled here suggests otherwise. There is, in the first place, a strong continuing empirical and theoretical interest in alienation; and second, it is commonplace to find formulations that make no express use of the term itself but that are coordinate with, if not directly indebted to, the classical interest in 'alienation.' This suggests that the cautions involved work both ways: the enthusiasts make alienation the master concept -conveniently imprecise, empirically omnipresent, and morally irresistible when employed as a critique; while the doubters, with equal convenience, forget that dismissing the word in no way eliminates our dependence upon the root ideas concerning personal control and comprehensible social structures which the alienation tradition embodies.These introductory remarks correctly imply that intellectual struggle, along with empirical profusion, have characterized the recent history of alienation studies. The intellectual struggle is perhaps best reflected in two major reviews of the alienation literature, by Schacht (1970) and Israel (1971). Schacht, a philosopher, surveys the classical sources (chiefly Hegel and Marx) and the modern literature (Fromm, Horney, the sociologists, and existentialists), documenting two important theses: (a) the confusion of meanings that we currently associate with alienation has been there from the beginning (e.g. one finds both 'separation' and 'surrender' in the Hegelian treatment), and (b) an unsteady union of descriptive and prescriptive interests makes steady trouble in the concept's use. Israel's work covers much the same historical ground, and, like Schacht, he gives detailed attention to the predominantly American empirical studies of the past decade. Neither of these writers is very happy with the empirical spirit or product, and on at least two major counts they agree regarding the source of their unhappiness: they find• Reprinted from Annual Review of Sociology, volume 1,1975 ; originally entitled: "Alienation Studies". ··University

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The Prediction of Social Action from a Dimension of Internal-External Control

Cited by 152 publications

References 1 publication

The I-E scale, ideological bias, and political participation1

The I-E scale, ideological bias, and political participation1

The differential effects of rewarding and coercive leaders on group members differing in locus of control¹

Empirical Alienation Studies: An Overview

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The Prediction of Social Action from a Dimension of Internal-External Control

Cited by 152 publications

References 1 publication

The I-E scale, ideological bias, and political participation1

The I-E scale, ideological bias, and political participation1

The differential effects of rewarding and coercive leaders on group members differing in locus of control1

Empirical Alienation Studies: An Overview

Contact Info

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Resources

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The differential effects of rewarding and coercive leaders on group members differing in locus of control¹