The Precipitin Reaction Between Type Iii Pneumococcus Polysaccharide and Homologous Antibody

Abstract

In the first paper of this series (1) it was concluded as a first approximation that under a standard set of conditions the entire course of the precipitin reaction between the specific polysaccharide of Type III pneumococcus and homologous purified antibody could be quantitatively accounted for by three simple equations. The mass law was believed to hold for these equations, the more so as the reactions were found to be reversible. Studies of the theoretical factors involved have since been continued under more varied conditions, and the present paper describes experiments which have necessitated modification of the conclusions originally drawn. EXPEI~r&rENTALThe quantitative predpitin determinations were made as in previous papers (2-4), except that the technique was modified as described below in order to study the effect of varying a given set of conditions. In general, precipitates were analyzed, rather than superuatants, as had been done in (I). Much of the serum used was obtained through the kindness of Dr. William H. Park, to whom the writers again wish to express their gratitude. Unless otherwise stated, antibody solutions were prepared according to Felton (6).

Restricted immune activation and internalisation of anti-idiotype complexes between drug and antidrug antibodies

“…We therefore tested the influence of different antibody/drug ratios. As expected,25 deviation of the 1:1 molar ratio caused a reduction of complex size (online supplementary figure S2A,B). A similar concentration and ratio dependency of immune complex size was also observed by combining monoclonal or polyclonal anti-adalimumab antibodies with adalimumab (online supplementary figure S3A,B), indicating that these observations are a general phenomenon for anti-idiotype complex formation.…”

Theoretical and experimental investigation of immunoprecipitation pattern formation in gel medium

“…The effect of precipitation reversibility at an equimolar concentration zone in a liquid (Heidelberger and Kendall, 1935) underlies the existing concept of immunoprecipitation phenomenon in a gel. By analogy with liquids, formation of a ring in the gel medium is explained as propagation of equimolar concentration zone, and its final position is determined by the quantity of Ag molecules in a sample (Merrill, 1998).…”

Antibodies against Hydroxyethylstarch Produced in Rabbits by Immunization with a Protein-Hydroxyethylstarch Conjugate

“…data], but not for hyaluronic acid [10,19] and starch, as reported here. When hydroxyethylstarch (HES) became available commercially, it was considered of interest to study whether substitution had altered the immunogenic properties of starch, since it is known, that introduction of substituent groups into PS may change their immunochemical identity [8]. A solu ble HES-protein conjugate was prepared and its immunogenicity was studied in rab bits.…”