The precious content of the olive mill wastewater: the protective effect of the antioxidant fraction in cell cultures

Abstract

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play an important role in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases; thus, the antioxidant use could be a promising preventive or therapeutic intervention. The food and agricultural industries generate huge quantities of by-products rich in biophenolic compounds. If, on the one hand, they represent a serious environmental problem, on the other hand, are valuable natural sources of antioxidants. In the present work, the total phenolic content and the antioxidant power of the wastewater derived from the production of four Sicilian extra virgin olive oils are shown. Four biophenols, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol alcohols and caffeic acid (CA) and p-coumaric acids, were identified and quantified and their antioxidant ability determined. Their effects in counteracting Abeta 1-42 oligomer oxidative damage in LAN5 cell culture were investigated. Results indicated that CA was the most effective compound in counteracting the cell damages induced by Abeta 1-42 oligomers. El contenido valioso de aguas residuales producidas por almazaras: el efecto protector de la fracción antioxidante en cultivos celulares RESUMEN El estrés oxidativo y la disfunción mitocondrial juegan un rol importante en el comienzo de ciertas enfermedades neurodegenerativas; en estos casos, el uso de antioxidantes puede ser una intervención preventiva o terapéutica prometedora. Las industrias alimentarias y agrícolas producen enormes cantidades de subproductos ricos en compuestos biofenólicos. Si bien por un lado representan un grave problema ambiental, por el otro constituyen valiosas fuentes naturales de antioxidantes. En el presente estudio se analizan el contenido fenólico total y el poder antioxidante de las aguas residuales (WW) derivadas de la producción de cuatro aceites de oliva virgen extra (AOVE) de Sicilia. Para el efecto, Se identificaron y cuantificaron cuatro biofenoles, alcoholes hidroxitirosol (HT) y tirosol (TY), además de ácidos cafeico (CA) y p-cumárico (CU), y se determinó su capacidad antioxidante. Asimismo, se investigaron sus efectos para contrarrestar el daño oxidativo provocado por el oligómero Abeta 1-42 en cultivos celulares LAN5, constatándose que el CA fue el más efectivo para contrarrestar el daño celular inducido por oligómeros Abeta 1-42 .

The Purification, Characterization, and Biological Activity of New Polyketides from Mangrove-Derived Endophytic Fungus Epicoccum nigrum SCNU-F0002

“…However, no fungal species from genus Epicoccum have been reported to produce antioxidant metabolites. Antioxidants may be a promising prevention or therapeutic intervention to help alleviate oxidative stress and to reduce the risk of many diseases [25,26,27,28,29]. For all compounds, the cytotoxic activity evaluation against MDA-MB-435, HepG2, A549, HCT116, and BT549 human cell lines exhibited no significant activity at 50 μM.…”

Antioxidant Activity of Citrus Limonoids and Investigation of Their Virucidal Potential against SARS-CoV-2 in Cellular Models

“…Nature-derived bioactives (NDBs) have been used throughout history as traditional medicines, and many clinically used drugs have been inspired by natural products, which constitute a broad biodiversity of molecules naturally selected over millennia of evolution. Several NDBs are able to counteract oxidative stress [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], thus also presenting an antiviral effect [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Recently, Prasansuklab and coworkers reviewed potential antiviral natural compounds with multiple targets related to coronaviruses.…”

Valorization of Wastewater from Table Olives: NMR Identification of Antioxidant Phenolic Fraction and Microwave Single-Phase Reaction of Sugary Fraction

“…These compounds can act as radical scavengers and are formed in the different metabolic processes of cell walls. Free radicals are highly reactive and unstable chemical species which, in excess, can induce lipid and protein oxidation; alter cell membrane integrity; and damage DNA to cause serious pathologies, such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease [ 17 ]. Therefore, an external source of antioxidants can help in preventing cellular oxidative stress and its consequences [ 17 ].…”

“…Free radicals are highly reactive and unstable chemical species which, in excess, can induce lipid and protein oxidation; alter cell membrane integrity; and damage DNA to cause serious pathologies, such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease [ 17 ]. Therefore, an external source of antioxidants can help in preventing cellular oxidative stress and its consequences [ 17 ]. Consequently, the recovery of phenolic components from olive processing wastewater can provide industrial benefits.…”