The Precarious State of a Cultural Keystone Species: Tribal and Biological Assessments of the Role and Future of Black Ash

Costanza, Kara K.L.; Livingston, William H.; Kashian, Daniel M.; Slesak, Robert A.; Tardif, Jacques; Dech, Jeffery P.; Diamond, Allaire K.; Daigle, John J.; Ranco, Darren; Neptune, Jennifer S.; Benedict, Les; Fraver, Shawn; Reinikainen, Michael; Siegert, Nathan W.

doi:10.5849/jof.2016-034r1

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Our research objectives were to determine (i) how the F. nigra growth response to competition, measured as basal area increment (BAI), varied along the gradient of waterlogging stress, (ii) whether F. nigra competition along the gradient shifted from sizeasymmetric (as for light) to size-symmetric (as for soil resources) with increasing stress, and (iii) how variations in species mixtures reflected in tree spatial distributions influenced F. nigra competition along the gradient. Because F. nigra forests are threatened by the invasive insect emerald ash borer (EAB; Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888;Costanza et al 2017), the overarching goal of our research was to better inform management strategies to maintain post-EAB forest function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific competition limits the realized niche ofFraxinus nigraalong a waterlogging gradient

et al. 2018

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Gradient studies of wetland forests have inferred that competition from upland tree species confines waterlogging-tolerant tree species to hydric environments. Little is known, however, about competition effects on individual-tree growth along stress gradients in wetland forests. We investigated tree growth and competition in mixed-species stands representing a waterlogging stress gradient in Fraxinus nigra Marsh. (black ash) forests in Minnesota, USA. Using competition indices, we examined how F. nigra basal area increment (BAI) responded to competition along the gradient and whether competition was size-asymmetric (as for light) or size-symmetric (as for soil resources). We modeled spatial distributions of F. nigra and associated tree species to assess how variation in species mixtures influenced competition. We found that although F. nigra BAI did not significantly differ with variations in site moisture, the importance of competition decreased as waterlogging stress increased. Competition across the gradient was primarily size-asymmetric (for light). Variation in species mixtures along the gradient was an important influence on competition. Some segregation of tree species occurred at all but the most upland site, where waterlogging stress was lowest and evidence of competition was greatest, confirming that competition from upland tree species confines F. nigra and potentially other waterlogging-tolerant species to hydric environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific competition limits the realized niche ofFraxinus nigraalong a waterlogging gradient

et al. 2018

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“…Where emerald ash borer has invaded, significant economic costs associated with mitigative treatments, tree removals, and tree replacements and lost home equity have been incurred [10,11]. Further, losses of ash trees may be associated with an increase in cardiopulmonary disease in urban areas [12] and threaten culturally significant uses of the resource by some Native Americans and First Nations [6,13]. The ultimate magnitude of these impacts depends, in part, on the final geographic distribution of the species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modest Effects of Host on the Cold Hardiness of Emerald Ash Borer †

Christianson

Venette

2018

Forests

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Abstract:The emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, is invading North America and Europe but has not yet reached its ultimate distribution. Geographic differences in host availability and winter temperatures might affect where this species will occur. In central North America, black ash (Fraxinus nigra) is more abundant than green ash (F. pennsylvanica) at northern latitudes, but much of our current understanding of A. planipennis cold tolerance is based on observations of overwintering larvae from green ash. The effects of black and green ash on the cold hardiness of A. planipennis larvae were measured over three winters. Supercooling point, the temperature at which insect bodily fluids spontaneously begin to freeze, was marginally greater for larvae from artificially-infested black ash than green ash in one trial, but not in three others. Host species also did not consistently affect mortality rates after larval exposure to subzero temperatures, but larvae from black ash were less cold hardy than larvae from green ash when there were differences. Comparisons of mortality rates among chilled (unfrozen) and frozen larvae indicated that overwintering A. planipennis larvae are primarily freeze avoidant, and this cold tolerance strategy is unaffected by host. All of our studies suggest that A. planipennis larvae from black ash are not more cold hardy that larvae from green ash. Where temperatures annually decline below~−30 • C, overwintering morality may substantially affect the population dynamics and future impacts from this invasive alien species.

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“…Firstly, since the beginning of the millennium, alien Agrilus are discovered in North America with the scattering rate of one in about every three years (increase from six to 12 by 2019). One of them, A. planipennis, the infamous emerald ash borer, has caused unparalleled economic losses estimated at over 1.6 billion USD in the United States annually (Aukema et al, 2011), ecological impacts (Klooster et al, 2018), and threats to Native American cultural traditions (Costanza et al, 2017), all within about 25 years of establishment (Siegert et al, 2014). It might, therefore, be a matter of time before the sad story of mass North American tree killing is repeated by another immigrant Agrilus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First North American record of an unnamed West Palaearctic Agrilus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) infesting European beech (Fagus sylvatica) in New York City, USA

DiGirolomo¹,

Jendek²,

Grebennikov³

et al. 2019

Eur. J. Entomol.

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http://www.eje.cz as "emerald ash borer". This species has invaded North America (Haack et al., 2002) and Europe (Baranchikov et al., 2008) causing widespread mortality of ash and was assessed as "the most costly biological invasion by an exotic forest insect to date" (Herms & McCullough, 2014). Notably, the herein reported NYC Agrilus was attacking a nonnative tree growing in the heart of a large urban conglomerate not too distant from a major international trade port. These observations were consistent with a hypothesis that the unknown NYC Agrilus might be yet another unwanted human-mediated addition to the Nearctic fauna, potentially capable of infl icting damage to an important urban tree in parts of North America. Preliminary morphology-based identifi cation (see Material and methods and Results) suggested that the NYC Agrilus adults belong to the A. roscidus species-group (ARSG, as defi ned in Jendek & Grebennikov, 2011) with 13 species-group taxa (Table 2). Members of the ARSG are externally similar among themselves and their reliable species-level morphological identifi cation is based on male characters. The most important diagnostic characters are body size and color, shape of antennomeres, shape of pronotum, type and length of prehumerus, shape of aedeagus

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The Precarious State of a Cultural Keystone Species: Tribal and Biological Assessments of the Role and Future of Black Ash

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Interspecific competition limits the realized niche ofFraxinus nigraalong a waterlogging gradient

Interspecific competition limits the realized niche ofFraxinus nigraalong a waterlogging gradient

Modest Effects of Host on the Cold Hardiness of Emerald Ash Borer †

First North American record of an unnamed West Palaearctic Agrilus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) infesting European beech (Fagus sylvatica) in New York City, USA

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