The Precambrian-Cambrian biosphere (r)evolution: Insights from the Chinese Yangtze Platform

Fatka, Oldřich; Steiner, Michael; Weber, Bernd; Zhu, Mingtian

doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1346

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The eukaryote radiation is recorded by some highlighted fossil Lagerstätte including Meishucun Fanuna (Cambrian Stage 2-3, e.g., Li et al, 2007), Chengjiang biotas (Cambrian Stage 3, ca. 525 Ma; e.g., Fatka et al, 2012), Zunyi fossil assemblage (ca. 520 Ma Steiner et al, 2005), and following Malong biota (Zhu, 2010) in Yangtze Platform.…”

Section: Source Of Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have been previously conducted on the Lower Cambrian black shales from South China, including the spatial variations of redox environment in the palaeocean (Cheng et al, ; Sawaki et al, ), the “Cambrian Explosion” and biosphere evolution (Fatka, Steiner, Weber, & Zhu, ) and coupled relationship between atmosphere oxygen, biosphere diversification, and oceanic redox condition (Chen et al, ). Cycling of organic matter in the ocean and its burial in the sediments are closely related to the environment and biological evolution, e.g., accumulating the atmospheric oxygen and providing essential foods for the animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Main factors controlling the organic matter enrichment in the Lower Cambrian sediments of the Sichuan Basin, SW China

Wang

Tian

et al. 2019

Geological Journal

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The Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation contains more than 200 m of marine sediments mainly consisting of mudstone and black shales, which are widely accepted as the most important hydrocarbon source rocks of the Ediacaran–Cambrian giant gas field in the Sichuan Basin. The geochemical compositions of biomarkers and trace elements obtained from black shales at the bottom of the Qiongzhusi Formation were used to reconstruct the palaeoproductivity and palaeoenvironment and to determine the main factors controlling the deposition and preservation of this organic‐rich shales. Based on varieties of steroids and hopanoids compositions, multifarious palaeobios such as pelagophyceae, dinoflagellate, diatom (or its ancestor), sponges, and aerobic/anaerobic bacteria have been proved to evolve in the Early Cambrian in the Sichuan Basin. In addition, a relative high concentration of Cubio compared with modern oceanic palaeoproductivity proxies indicate a moderate to relatively high palaeoproductivity, which is favourable for the organic matter accumulation of this source rocks. Moreover, the evidence from biomarkers and trace element ratios suggest that the Lower Cambrian sediments were deposited under a non‐sulphurized anoxic condition, which provided a favourable preservation condition. The covariation among Porg, Cubio, and TOC shows that the palaeoproductivity is the main controlling factor for the high organic content of the black shales of the Qiongzhusi Formation.

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Section: Source Of Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Main factors controlling the organic matter enrichment in the Lower Cambrian sediments of the Sichuan Basin, SW China

Wang

Tian

et al. 2019

Geological Journal

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“…; Fatka et al . ; Erwin and Valentine ), the fossil record of scyphozoans indicates that there must have been a fairly long interval of cnidarian evolution prior to latest Ediacaran times.…”

Section: Ediacaran–cambrian Fossil Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and early diversification of the phylum Cnidaria Verrill: major developments in the analysis of the taxon's Proterozoic–Cambrian history

et al. 2014

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Diploblastic eumetazoans of the phylum Cnidaria originated during the Neoproterozoic Era, possibly during the Cryogenian Period. The oldest known fossil cnidarians occur in strata of Ediacaran age and consist of polypoid forms that were either nonbiomineralizing or weakly so. The oldest possible anthozoans, including the genus Ramitubus, may be related to tabulate corals and occur in the Doushantuo Lagerstätte (upper Doushantuo Formation, South China), the age of which is poorly constrained (approximately 585 Ma?). Conulariid scyphozoans may first appear as early as 635–577 Ma (Lantian Formation, South China). A definite conulariid, most similar to Palaeozoic species assigned to the genus Paraconularia, occurs in association with the possible scyphozoan, Corumbella werneri, in the latest Ediacaran (c. 543 Ma) Tamengo Formation of Brazil. Basal Cambrian (c. 540 Ma) phosphorites in the upper Kuanchuanpu Formation (South China) yield solitary polyps of the oldest probable anthozoan (Eolympia pediculata), which appears to have been a stem hexacorallian. This same formation contains fossils interpreted by some authors as pentaradial cubozoan polyps; however, both the oldest known cubozoans and the oldest hydrozoans, all medusae, may actually occur in the Cambrian (Series 3, c. 505 Ma) Marjum Formation (Utah, USA). Although these recently published palaeontological data tend to corroborate the hypothesis that Cnidaria has a relatively deep Neoproterozoic history, the timing of major internal branching events remains poorly constrained, with, for example, the results of some molecular clock analyses indicating that the two cnidarian subphyla (Anthozoaria and Medusozoa) may have originated as many as one billion years ago. Further progress towards elucidating the evolution and early fossil record of cnidarians may accrue from: (1) an intensive search for phosphatized soft parts in possible anthozoans from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation; (2) an expanded search for Ediacaran conulariids; and (3) additional detailed analyses of the taphonomy and preservation of Ediacaran and Cambrian cnidarians, including possible pentaradial cubozoan polyps from the Fortunian upper Kuanchuanpu Formation.

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“…2007; Zhu, 2010; Fatka et al . 2012; Shields-Zhou & Zhu, 2013; Maletz et al . 2014), this thematic issue of Geological Magazine presents the most recent advances in the field based on studies of material from China, mostly South China.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction: from snowball Earth to the Cambrian explosion–evidence from China

Zhu

2017

Geol. Mag.

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The Neoproterozoic–Palaeozoic transition (NPT) around 600 Ma ago was a critical time interval when the Earth experienced fundamental change, manifested as climatic extremes – ‘snowball Earth’ – followed by the emergence and rapid diversification of animals – ‘Cambrian explosion’. How animals and environments co-evolved, and what caused these fundamental changes to the Earth system during the NPT, is a great scientific puzzle, which has been a rapidly developing frontier of interdisciplinary research between bio- and geosciences. South China preserves a complete stratigraphic succession of the NPT developed in various facies ranging from shallow to deep marine realms with extraordinarily well-preserved, successive fossil biotas in various taphonomic settings (Zhu, 2010; Fig. 1), making it a key area and global focus of studies in the field over recent decades. Indeed, the current narrative of early animal evolution has largely been based on the fossil biotas from South China. These include: (1) the world's oldest microscopic animal fossils with cellular details from the early Ediacaran Weng'an biota (Doushantuo Formation); (2) putative macroscopic animal fossils preserved as carbonaceous imprints from the early Ediacaran Lantian, Wenghui and Miaohe biotas (also Doushantuo Formation); (3) typical late Ediacaran faunas, preserved in dark limestone (Shibantan biota) and as large and poorly mineralized tubular animal fossils (Gaojiashan biota), both from the Dengying Formation; (4) phosphatized small shelly and soft-bodied animal fossils from the early Cambrian Meishucun and Kuanchuanpu faunas; and (5) Cambrian fossil Lagerstätten (Chengjiang, Guanshan and Kaili faunas) with typical Burgess Shale-type soft-bodied preservation.

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The Precambrian-Cambrian biosphere (r)evolution: Insights from the Chinese Yangtze Platform

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Main factors controlling the organic matter enrichment in the Lower Cambrian sediments of the Sichuan Basin, SW China

Main factors controlling the organic matter enrichment in the Lower Cambrian sediments of the Sichuan Basin, SW China

Origin and early diversification of the phylum Cnidaria Verrill: major developments in the analysis of the taxon's Proterozoic–Cambrian history

Introduction: from snowball Earth to the Cambrian explosion–evidence from China

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