The Practice of Campus-Based Threat Assessment: An Overview

Pollard, Jeffrey W.; Nolan, Jeffrey J.; Deisinger, Eugene R. D.

doi:10.1080/87568225.2012.711142

Cited by 55 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…These assertions may be accurate, as campus threat assessment was developed due to consistent findings within government agency, media, and police records of public figure, primary/secondary school, and workplace threats and attacks (Deisinger et al, 2008;Deisinger et al, 2014;Drysdale et al, 2010;Randazzo & Cameron, 2012) and has widespread support and use (Bolante, 2014;Pollard et al, 2012;Randazzo & Cameron, 2012). Additionally, campus threat assessment has been deemed an "emerging standard of care" (Deisinger et al, 2014, p.107;Randazzo & Cameron, 2012, p.285) for inhibiting "targeted on-campus violence" (Pollard et al, 2012, p.264).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Threat assessment has been considered the best campus targeted violence prevention option (Cornell, 2010;Deisinger et al, 2008;Deisinger et al, 2014;Randazzo & Cameron, 2012;Pollard, Nolan, & Deisinger, 2012;Scalora et al, 2010). Across contexts (e.g., primary/ secondary schools, public figure protection agencies, workplaces), proper threat assessment has been noted to have significant success resolving dangerous situations (Booth et al, 2011;Calhoun & Weston, 2003;Cornell, Sheras, Gregory, & Fan, 2009;Jenkins, 2009;Scalora, Zimmerman, & Wells, 2008).…”

Section: The Development Of Campus Threat Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Broadening campus threat assessment beyond mass shootings

Hollister

Scalora²

2015

Aggression and Violent Behavior

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a b s t r a c tRecord reviews of public figure, primary/secondary school, and workplace threateners and attackers displayed the importance of noticing pre-incident behaviors and intervening to prevent violence. General crime prevention strategies did not appear applicable. Similarly, campus threat assessment research has considered targeted violence as distinctive and unable to be reviewed within general collegiate samples, which has related to questions about the prevalence, predictiveness, applicability, and reporting of pre-incident behaviors. This article applies general criminological and crime prevention findings to these questions and presents campus threat assessment methodologies informed by these fields. With college student surveys, pre-incident behaviors have appeared predictive of general physical assault, which promotes investigation of the generalizability of campus threat assessment across collegiate bullying, intimate partner, stalking, and workplace violence concerns. In college student surveys, the majority of observed pre-incident behavior has not been reported to campus authorities and has been impacted by students' personal victimization, assessment of dangerousness, and relationship with the perpetrator. Efforts to enhance reporting in general criminological and crime prevention fields could be applied to improving pre-incident authority notification. Thus, viewing campus threat assessment within the broader violence prevention framework can advance the efficiency, effectiveness, and applicability of the approach.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Development Of Campus Threat Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 96%

Broadening campus threat assessment beyond mass shootings

Hollister

Scalora²

2015

Aggression and Violent Behavior

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“…Finally, given the large proportion of mass shootings where prior communications and behavior signal danger, an obvious topic to explore further is how to optimize the use of GVROs. When shootings occur, it has become routine to determine how often signals were detected but not reported and how often signals were reported but not acted on (Bolante & Dykeman, ; Pollard, Nolan, & Deisinger, ; Weisenbach Keller, Hughes, & Hertz, ). Again, specificity will be a concern.…”

Section: Gun Violence Restraining Ordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is anecdotal evidence to suggest that GVROs and similar policies may thwart mass violence, this case‐by‐case approach is necessarily limited: its efficacy is reliant on third‐party reports of warning signs, which are not always made, passed to the appropriate authorities, or acted on (Bolante & Dykeman, ; Pollard et al., ; Weisenbach Keller et al., ). More fundamentally, even an effective case‐by‐case approach cannot be scaled up to the population level.…”

Section: Machine Learning Analysis Of Firearm Purchasing Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying high‐risk firearm owners to prevent mass violence

Laqueur

Wintemute

2019

Criminology & Public Policy

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Research Summary: In this article, we detail recent efforts in California to identify and target high-risk firearm owners to help prevent firearm violence, including mass shootings.We begin by describing gun violence restraining orders, also known as extreme risk protection orders, which provide a judicial mechanism for firearm recovery and a timelimited prohibition on firearm purchases. Next, we discuss California's Armed and Prohibited Persons (APPS) database and enforcement system. APPS is used to identify newly prohibited persons among legal firearm owners and to help law enforcement recover those firearms. Finally, we highlight early research in which machine learning for rare event detection is employed to forecast individual risk using California's decades worth of firearm transaction records and other readily available administrative data.Policy Implications: The approaches described range in scale, scope, and strategy, but all three allow for targeted intervention at times of heightened risk. In so doing, they offer the potential to provide outsized benefits to efforts to prevent mass violence. K E Y W O R D SCalifornia firearm policy, extreme risk protection orders, public mass shootings, risk prediction

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“…Randazzo and Plummer (2009) described a comprehensive threat assessment team as one that maintains and represents interests of faculty and staff and chaired by a chief of police. Similarly, Pollard, et al (2010) discussed resources and activities that support team functioning: a systematic process used to understand concern (information gathering and initial threat analysis), efficient developmental support for adequate case management, and protocols for services. Team goals outlined by Randazzo and Plummer (2009) Communication during crisis.…”

Section: Figure 5 2010 Team Representationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A University's student care team : 5 year case summary.

Ulmer¹

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DEDICATIONI dedicate this dissertation to my colleagues connected to the work of crisis management, student care, behavioral intervention, student conduct, and threat assessment as well as their colleagues, families, and friends who support them.Specifically, to those who assess risk for potential harm each day, are awoken in the middle of the night to respond to a student hospitalization and/or suicide attempt, and who are then responsible for providing appropriate resources and support to students in crisis. Additionally, to the loved ones of those team members who sacrifice time and rest in the support of the work that these team members perform. I truly believe that our work saves lives and we may never really know how deeply we impact our students. Thank you, to my colleagues at the University of Louisville, for this great work that we did together, for teaching me how to do it, and for showing me my passion for it.It is because of you that I wrote this dissertation -I simply wouldn't have thought to do so if we were not doing such great work. This dissertation is also dedicated to you and I am thrilled to share this summary of our work with you, as well as everyone else.iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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The Practice of Campus-Based Threat Assessment: An Overview

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Broadening campus threat assessment beyond mass shootings

Broadening campus threat assessment beyond mass shootings

Identifying high‐risk firearm owners to prevent mass violence

A University's student care team : 5 year case summary.

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