The power of crowds

Michelucci, Pietro; Dickinson, Janis L.

doi:10.1126/science.aad6499

Cited by 134 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Every day, millions of people visit websites from online communities like Wikipedia.org or OpenStreetMap.org [1]. Researchers are increasingly referring to these communities as a valuable work force and important source of data [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributors’ Withdrawal from Online Collaborative Communities: The Case of OpenStreetMap

Bégin

Devillers

Roche

2017

IJGI

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Online collaborative communities are now ubiquitous. Identifying the nature of the events that drive contributors to withdraw from a project is of prime importance to ensure the sustainability of those communities. Previous studies used ad hoc criteria to identify withdrawn contributors, preventing comparisons between results and introducing interpretation biases. This paper compares different methods to identify withdrawn contributors, proposing a probabilistic approach. Withdrawals from the OpenStreetMap (OSM) community are investigated using time series and survival analyses. Survival analysis revealed that participants' withdrawal pattern compares with the life cycles studied in reliability engineering. For OSM contributors, this life cycle would translate into three phases: "evaluation," "engagement" and "detachment." Time series analysis, when compared with the different events that may have affected the motivation of OSM participants over time, showed that an internal conflict about a license change was related to largest bursts of withdrawals in the history of the OSM project. This paper not only illustrates a formal approach to assess withdrawals from online communities, but also sheds new light on contributors' behavior, their life cycle, and events that may affect the length of their participation in such project.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributors’ Withdrawal from Online Collaborative Communities: The Case of OpenStreetMap

Bégin

Devillers

Roche

2017

IJGI

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“…Recently, however, there has been a burgeoning of research interest into issues of collective cognition within the computational, information and network sciences. Within computer science, for example, we have seen the emergence of research into issues of social computation (Kearns 2012), collective intelligence (Malone and Bernstein 2015), augmented social cognition (Chi et al 2008), socio-computational systems (Mason 2013;Michelucci 2013), crowdsourcing (Michelucci and Dickinson 2016;Bigham et al 2015), social machines (Hendler and Berners-Lee 2010;Smart and Shadbolt 2014) and the global brain (Heylighen 2013). In general, what is common to all these areas of research is an interest in the factors that enable groups of individuals to coordinate their collective efforts in support of specific cognitive or epistemic objectives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mandevillian Intelligence

Smart¹

2018

Oxford Scholarship Online

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Mandevillian intelligence is a specific form of collective intelligence in which individual cognitive vices (i.e., shortcomings, limitations, constraints and biases) are seen to play a positive functional role in yielding collective forms of cognitive success. The present paper introduces the concept of mandevillian intelligence and reviews a number of strands of empirical research that help to shed light on the phenomenon. The paper also attempts to highlight the value of the concept of mandevillian intelligence from a philosophical, scientific and engineering perspective. Inasmuch as we accept the notion of mandevillian intelligence, then it seems that the cognitive and epistemic value of a specific social or technological intervention will vary according to whether our attention is focused at the individual or collective level of analysis. This has a number of important implications for how we think about the design and evaluation of collective cognitive systems. For example, the notion of mandevillian intelligence forces us to take seriously the idea that the exploitation (or even the accentuation) of individual cognitive shortcomings could, in some situations, provide a productive route to collective forms of cognitive and epistemic success.

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“…In many crowdsourced tasks, people work as individuals and compete with each other for a prize (Ebner, et al, 2009;Leimeister, et al, 2009). Alternatively, people's work can also be coordinated such that there is collaboration or integration (Kittur, et al, 2013;Michelucci and Dickinson, 2016;Ren, et al, 2014). The most famous crowd collaboration may be Wikipedia, an encyclopedia that anyone with Internet access can edit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, some companies collect product or service ideas from consumers through online platforms (Bayus, 2013;Terwiesch and Ulrich, 2009;Toubia, 2006). Crowdsourcing enables many people to search for creative ideas in parallel (Afuah and Tucci, 2012;Michelucci and Dickinson, 2016;Ren, et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Ideas in Crowdsourced Idea Generation

Wang

Wang²,

Tao

2017

Foundations of Management

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Collecting ideas through crowdsourcing has become a common practice for companies to benefit from external ideas and innovate. It is desirable that crowd members build on each other's ideas to achieve synergy. This study proposes and verifies a new method for idea combination which can result in combined ideas that are both novel and useful. The domain-specific knowledge of crowd members does not influence the effectiveness of such idea combination. The new method can be used for collecting highly creative ideas from the crowd. The implications for future research are discussed.

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The power of crowds

Abstract: Combining humans and machines can help tackle increasingly hard problems

Cited by 134 publications

References 13 publications

Contributors’ Withdrawal from Online Collaborative Communities: The Case of OpenStreetMap

Contributors’ Withdrawal from Online Collaborative Communities: The Case of OpenStreetMap

Mandevillian Intelligence

Combining Ideas in Crowdsourced Idea Generation

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