The Potential Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Manifestation of Alzheimer's Disease: A Literature Review

Abstract

Goal: To discuss, through the scientific literature, the association between the balance of the intestinal microbiota and the emergence of neurodegenerative disorders, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Literature review carried out from October to November 2022 through searches in the following PubMed database. 248 articles were selected and, after inclusion criteria, 17 studies were selected to compose this review. Review: The different studies analyzed indicate that the microbiota-intestine-brain axis is closely interconnected and involved in neural and brain functioning. Its participation consists of processes of cognitive regulation and aging processes, which are directly related to intestinal dysbiosis and its repercussions at the level of the central nervous system (CNS). Intestinal dysbiosis may be in the process of biological senescence and culminate in chronic systemic inflammation, with the potential for brain beta-amyloid aggregation. Final Considerations: There is an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota that is related to neurodegenerative diseases. As the pathophysiology of AD is multifactorial, it is still necessary to deepen studies on this relationship to aid in early diagnosis and treatment.