The Potential Role of Prophylactic/Functional Knee Bracing in Preventing Knee Ligament Injury

Rishiraj, Neetu; Taunton, Jack; Lloyd-Smith, Rob; Woollard, Robert; Regan, William D.; Clement, D. B.

doi:10.2165/11317790-000000000-00000

Cited by 67 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…They arrive to similar conclusions: there are some data suggesting that bracing may be effective preventing and reducing severity of MCL injuries, but there is no conclusive evidence for PKB decreasing the rate or severity of ACL injuries in football players (1,33,34).…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The knee is one of the most frequently injured joints in sports, accounting for up to 60% depending on the evaluated sport, with the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) representing almost half of these injuries (1). This is no different for skiers, where recent epidemiological reports show 84 injuries per 100,000 skiers per year (2), with knee injuries accounting for 30-38% of total injuries (2,3).…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Knee Braces Prevent Ski Knee Injuries?

2017

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Background: Alpine skiing has high rates of knee injuries. Prophylactic knee braces (PKBs) and functional knee braces (FKBs) are often prescribed by clinicians to reduce injuries or re-injuries in skiers. Objectives: This literature review evaluates current knowledge on the biomechanical and clinical effectiveness of prophylactic and functional knee braces in preventing knee injuries and their impact on the athletic performance of non-injured and injured individuals. Methods: A literature review was performed to analyze the efficiency of knee braces concerning the reduction of mechanical stress, influence on muscle control, performance and injury prevention. Results: Most of the available literature describes research on the use of knee braces in contact sports, specifically American football. In this context, several studies show braces to be more effective in preventing medial collateral ligament injuries than anterior cruciate ligament injuries in both cadaveric and clinical studies. The use of functional braces after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has been supported and refuted in both postoperative and long-term studies. Ski-specific studies show a positive effect of knee braces on proprioception; no influence on performance; and a protective effect on previously injured skiers. Conclusions: Current literature indicates PKBs may have a protective function in healthy patients, while influence on performance is minimal. Functional braces are recommended in ACL-deficient patients and are biomechanically effective under low-loading conditions. They may not be as effective in high-loading conditions, such as athletic activity. There is a protective effect of FKBs of preventing re-rupture of reconstructed ACLs and preventing further knee injuries on ACL-deficient knees in skiers. More research is needed to determine the effectiveness of PKBs snow sports.

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Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Knee Braces Prevent Ski Knee Injuries?

2017

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“…The prophylactic use of knee braces in sports to prevent knee ligament injury remains controversial. Rishiraj and colleagues 14 have suggested that this inconsistency in the literature may be related in part to a fear of performance hindrance that has led to poor knee-brace compliance. Conversely, neuromuscular preventative programs have been shown to reduce the incidence of non-contact knee injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiology of Injuries in Contact Flag Football

et al. 2014

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Dette er siste tekst-versjon av artikkelen, og den kan inneholde små forskjeller fra forlagets pdf-versjon. Forlagets pdf-versjon finner du på journals.lww.com: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e3182694870 This is the final text version of the article, and it may contain minor differences from the journal's pdf version. The original publication is available at journals.lww.com: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e3182694870 Main Outcome Measures: All time-loss injuries sustained in game sessions were recorded by the off-the-field medical personnel and followed up by a more detailed phone injury surveillance questionnaire.Results: One hundred sixty-three injuries were reported, comprising 1 533 776 athletic exposures (AEs). The incidence rate was 0.11 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.09-0.12] per 1000 AEs, and incidence proportion was 10.66% (95% CI, 9.10-12.22). Seventy-six percent of the injuries were extrinsic in nature. Thirty percent of the injuries were to the fingers, thumb, and wrist, 17% to the knee, 17% to the head/face, 13% to the ankle, and 11% to the shoulder.Conclusions: Contact flag football results in a significant amount of moderate to severe injuries. These data may be used in the development of a formal American flag football injury database and in the development and implementation of a high-quality, randomized, prospective injury prevention study. This study should include the enforcement of the nopocket rule, appropriate headgear, self-fitting mouth guards, the use of ankle braces, and changing the blocking rules of the game.

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“…Research is limited on the use of knee braces (prophylactic and functional) to potentially prevent knee ligament injury in the non-injured population [27]. Knee braces have not to date proven to be effective in reducing the number and severity of knee injuries [19,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevention of injuries in contact flag football

Kaplan

Myklebust

Nyska

et al. 2012

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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Purpose American flag football is a non-tackle, contact sport with many moderate to severe contact-type injuries reported. A previous prospective injury surveillance study by the authors revealed a high incidence of injuries to the fingers, face, knee, shoulder and ankle. The objectives of the study were to conduct a pilot-prospective injury prevention study in an attempt to significantly reduce the incidence and the severity of injuries as compared to a historical cohort, as well as to provide recommendations for a future prospective injury prevention study. Methods A prospective injury prevention study was conducted involving 724 amateur male (mean age: 20.0 ± 3.1 years) and 114 female (mean age: 21.2 ± 7.2 years) players. Four prevention measures were implemented: the no-pocket rule, self-fitting mouth guards, ankle braces (for those players with recurrent ankle sprains) and an injury treatment information brochure. An injury surveillance questionnaire was administered to record all time-loss injuries sustained in game sessions. Results There was a statistically significant reduction in the number of injured players, the number of finger/hand injuries, the incidence rate and the incidence proportion between the two cohorts (p \ 0.05). Conclusions This one-season pilot prevention study has provided preliminary evidence that finger/hand injuries can be significantly reduced in flag football. Prevention strategies for a longer, prospective, randomised-controlled injury prevention study should include the strict enforcement of the no-pocket rule, appropriate head gear, the use of comfortable-fitting ankle braces and mouth guards, and changing the blocking rules of the game. Level of evidence II.

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The Potential Role of Prophylactic/Functional Knee Bracing in Preventing Knee Ligament Injury

Cited by 67 publications

References 175 publications

Do Knee Braces Prevent Ski Knee Injuries?

Do Knee Braces Prevent Ski Knee Injuries?

The Epidemiology of Injuries in Contact Flag Football

The prevention of injuries in contact flag football

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