The potential role of omega-3 on the effect of the energy drinks on testis of adult male albino rats: a histological and immunohistochemical study

Abstract

Background Consumption of energy drinks rich in caffeine has increased between individuals. Health problems related to caffeine such as reproductive diseases have occurred. Aim The objective of this work was to study the potential role of omega-3 on the effect of energy drinks on the testis of adult male albino rats. Material and methods A total of 40 adult male albino rats were used in this study. Rats were divided into four main groups: control group (I) included 10 rats that received no treatment for the same periods as the experimental animals; omega-3 group (II) included 10 rats that received 300 mg/kg body weight of omega-3 orally using a gastric tube once daily for 3 months; energy drink group (III) included 10 rats that received 1.07 ml/100 g body weight of energy drink orally using a gastric tube once daily for 3 months; and energy drink and omega-3 group (IV) included 10 rats that concomitantly received both energy drink and omega-3 at the same dose, route, and duration as groups II and III. Testicular specimens were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical examinations. The data were analyzed statistically. Results Group III showed disturbed normal histological architecture of the testicular structure, but group IV omega-3 resulted in preservation of the normal histological architecture. Moreover, the cyclooxygenase 2 immune stain and the statistical analysis confirm these results. Conclusion There is a correlation between omega-3 and reduction of the testicular damage induced by energy drinks in adult male albino rats. Omega-3 leads to protection of the testis.