The Potential Role of ATP-sensitive Potassium Channels in Treating Epileptic Disorders

Huang, Chin-Wei

doi:10.5772/20709

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…In addition to inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms, it has been suggested that potassium-dependent adenosine triphosphate (ATP) channels affect hyperglycemia-induced seizures [18,19]. The termination of the seizures after the anti-seizure drug with levetiracetam ingredient, which affects the potassium channels of the patient, also strengthened the idea that K-ATP channels have a role in the mechanism of action on seizures due to hyperglycemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occipital Seizures and Persistent Homonymous Hemianopia (HH) With MRI Subcortical T2 Hypointensity in a Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Patient

Engez¹,

Yılmaz²,

Ekmekçi³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Non-ketotic hyperglycemia (NKH) can often cause seizures. Although these are usually in the form of focal seizures, occipital seizures have also been reported in case reports. Patients may present with complaints ranging from blurred vision and bright lights to homonymous hemianopia (HH) in occipital seizures due to hyperglycemia. Seizures can often be brought under control in a short time with good glycemic control. Seizures associated with NKH may cause subcortical T2 hypointensity on MRI in the occipital lobes and occipital epileptiform discharges on the electroencephalogram.In this case study, we aim to present a newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus patient who had homonymous hemianopsia in his neurological examination, had imaging and electrophysiological findings consistent with his examination and clinical findings, was admitted 15 days after his symptoms started, and whose seizures could not be controlled by glucose regulation. In this context, we evaluated the literature and compared our case to other patients who required anti-seizure drugs, with the goal of emphasizing the need of early treatment in seizures caused by NKH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occipital Seizures and Persistent Homonymous Hemianopia (HH) With MRI Subcortical T2 Hypointensity in a Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Patient

Engez¹,

Yılmaz²,

Ekmekçi³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…However, there are several studies on the mechanisms that link the loss of K ATP channel function to increased seizure sensitivity (Ghasemi et al., 2010; Yamada et al., 2001). It is speculated that the increased extracellular glucose and intracellular ATP levels may create a more excitatory condition by inhibiting the K ATP channels (Huang, 2011; Huang et al., 2007). In the hypoxia‐induced generalized seizure model, it was predicted that K ATP channels expressed in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), which play a key role in controlling seizures, have a protective role.…”

Section: The Plausible Role Of Kir6x In Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Envisioning the role of inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channel in epilepsy

Akyüz

Köklü

Uner

et al. 2021

J of Neuroscience Research

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Epilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by two spontaneous seizures occurring within 24 hr, or two spontaneous seizures within 10 years after an unprovoked seizure (Fisher et al., 2014). The disease occurs by an increased tendency to generate seizures attributed to abnormal brain activity, caused by the disruption of the dynamic excitatory and inhibitory neuronal balance in the central nervous system (CNS) (Navidhamidi et al., 2017). Aberrant connectivity between neuronal networks may result in pathologically synchronized discharges and subsequently recurrent seizures (Aronica & Muhlebner, 2017). Epilepsy not only poses a significant burden on the patients and their families, but is also associated with significant social, behavioral, and economic effects (Tatum et al., 2009).Epilepsy affects people of all ages and has emerged as a global health concern affecting more than 70 million patients worldwide.Despite the recent advances in pre-clinical and clinical research, the

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“…K ATP channels have been reported to demonstrate a significant role in neuroprotection and treating epileptic disorders in diabetic hyperglycaemia ( 36 ) and neuronal excitability in metabolic stress ( 19 , 29 , 37 ). This mechanism initiates a more excitable state, which implies that an increase in extracellular glucose and intracellular ATP decreases K ATP channels ( 36 ). Apart from regulating neuronal excitability, neuronal K ATP channels also play an essential role in spontaneous firing in various neurons, including cholinergic basal forebrain neurons, expiratory neurons, entorhinal layer three cortical neurons, substantia nigra neurons, and thalamocortical neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…K ATP channels are activated by Mg-ADP and blocked by ATP; these channel characteristics allow the cells to couple cellular metabolic state (ATP/ADP ratio) to electrical activity of the cell membrane ( 20 , 38 ). In a way, the connection between the level of electrical activity and intracellular ATP concentration may suggest that K ATP channel through its regulation of neuronal excitability may also serve for a potential anti-epileptic mechanism ( 36 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of KATP Channels Opening Probability of Hippocampus Cells Treated with Kainic Acid

Senik

Abu

Fadhullah

2021

MJMS

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Background: Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures may be a valuable tool in the assessment of anti-epileptic drug efficacy in complex partial seizures. This study investigated the effects of KA on ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels opening probability (NPo), which plays a crucial role in neuronal activities. Methods: For the optimisation and validation protocol, β-cells were plated onto 35 mm plastic petri dishes and maintained in RPMI-1640 media supplemented with 10 mM glucose, 10% FCS and 25 mM of N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES). The treatment effects of 10 mM glucose and 30 μM fluoxetine on KATP channels NPo of β–cells were assessed via cell-attached patch-clamp recordings. For hippocampus cell experiments, hippocampi were harvested from day 17 of maternal Lister-hooded rat foetus, and then transferred to a Ca2+ and Mg2+-free HEPES-buffered Hank’s salt solution (HHSS). The dissociated cells were cultured and plated onto a 25 mm round cover glasses coated with poly-d-lysine (0.1 mg/mL) in a petri dish. The KATP channels NPo of hippocampus cells when perfused with 1 mM and 10 mM of KA were determined. Results: NPo of β-cells showed significant decreasing patterns (P < 0.001) when treated with 10 mM glucose 0.048 (0.027) as well as 30 μM fluoxetine 0.190 (0.141) as compared to basal counterpart. In hippocampus cell experiment, a significant increase (P < 0.001) in mean NPo 2.148 (0.175) of neurons when applied with 1 mM of KA as compared to basal was observed. Conclusion: The two concentrations of KA used in the study exerted contrasting effects toward the mean of NPo. It is hypothesised that KA at lower concentration (1 mM) opens more KATP channels, leading to hyperpolarisation of the neurons, which may prevent neuronal hyper excitability. No effect was shown in 10 mM KA treatment, suggesting that only lower than 10 mM KA produced significant changes in KATP channels. This implies further validation of KA concentration to be used in the future.

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The Potential Role of ATP-sensitive Potassium Channels in Treating Epileptic Disorders

Cited by 3 publications

References 69 publications

Occipital Seizures and Persistent Homonymous Hemianopia (HH) With MRI Subcortical T2 Hypointensity in a Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Patient

Occipital Seizures and Persistent Homonymous Hemianopia (HH) With MRI Subcortical T2 Hypointensity in a Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Patient

Envisioning the role of inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channel in epilepsy

Analysis of KATP Channels Opening Probability of Hippocampus Cells Treated with Kainic Acid

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