The potential role and mechanism of circRNAs in foam cell formation

Chen, Wujun; Liu, Yihui; Li, Ling; Liang, Bing; Wang, Shuai; Xu, Xiaodan; Xing, Dongming; Wu, Xiaolin

doi:10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.03.005

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…One of the main risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis in humans is the increased level of cholesterol in the serum [ 153 ]. Quite recently, more than a hundred circRNA–miRNA–mRNA interactions involved in atherogenesis during foam cell formation have been described [ 160 ]. It was shown that 88 circRNAs, acting as sponges for 33 miRNAs, affect the expression of SR-A1 , CD36 , ACAT2 , ABCA1 , ABCG1 , ADAM10 , APOA1 , SCARB1 .…”

Section: The Role Of Circrnas In the Pathogenesis Of Cad And Atheroge...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increased stability of circRNAs compared to linear transcripts, their specificity, reproducibility, and difference in expression levels in normal and pathological conditions have led to their identification as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of many diseases, including CAD [ 81 , 160 , 162 , 163 ]. circRNAs can be isolated from biomaterials such as cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, serum, plasma, and urine, as well as from circulating cells and exosomes [ 164 ].…”

Section: Circrnas Are Promising Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Fo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circular RNAs Variously Participate in Coronary Atherogenesis

Dergunova,

Vinogradina,

Filippenkov

et al. 2023

CIMB

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Over the past decade, numerous studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a significant role in coronary artery atherogenesis and other cardiovascular diseases. They belong to the class of non-coding RNAs and arise as a result of non-canonical splicing of premature RNA, which results in the formation of closed single-stranded circRNA molecules that lack 5′-end caps and 3′-end poly(A) tails. circRNAs have broad post-transcriptional regulatory activity. Acting as a sponge for miRNAs, circRNAs compete with mRNAs for binding to miRNAs, acting as competing endogenous RNAs. Numerous circRNAs are involved in the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory axes associated with the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy, chronic heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. Recent studies have shown that сirc_0001445, circ_0000345, circ_0093887, сircSmoc1-2, and circ_0003423 are involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) with an atheroprotective effect, while circ_0002984, circ_0029589, circ_0124644, circ_0091822, and circ_0050486 possess a proatherogenic effect. With their high resistance to endonucleases, circRNAs are promising diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review aims to provide updated information on the involvement of atherogenesis-related circRNAs in the pathogenesis of CAD. We also discuss the main modern approaches to detecting and studying circRNA–miRNA–mRNA interactions, as well as the prospects for using circRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: The Role Of Circrnas In the Pathogenesis Of Cad And Atheroge...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Circrnas Are Promising Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Fo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs Variously Participate in Coronary Atherogenesis

Dergunova,

Vinogradina,

Filippenkov

et al. 2023

CIMB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…CircRNAs have no 5'-3' polarities and a polyadenylated tail, making them much more stable and resistant to RNase R degradation than linear RNA. CircRNAs regulate gene expression by serving as the miRNA sponges, protein scaffolds and sponges, encoding proteins, and regulating splicing and transcription 9 - 11 . So far, many small nucleic acid drugs and vaccines were approved for market, including Inclisiran (Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-9 (PCSK9) siRNA), Patisiran (transthyretin (TTR) siRNA), Inotersen (TTR antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)), Givosiran (aminolevulinate synthase 1 (ALAS1) siRNA), Lumasiran (hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1) siRNA), Nusinersen (exon 7 of survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) ASO), Volanesorsen (Apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) ASO), Eteplirsen (exon 51 of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) ASO), Golodirsen (exon 53 of DMD ASO), Viltolarsen (exon 53 of DMD ASO), Casimersen (exon 7 of DMD ASO), Elasomeran (COVID19 Spike glycoprotein mRNA vaccine, also named mRNA-1273), Tozinameran (COVID19 Spike glycoprotein mRNA vaccine, also named BNT162b) 12 - 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential role and mechanism of circRNA/miRNA axis in cholesterol synthesis

Chen¹,

Xu²,

Wu³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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Cholesterol levels are an initiating risk factor for atherosclerosis. Many genes play a central role in cholesterol synthesis, including HMGCR, SQLE, HMGCS1, FDFT1, LSS, MVK, PMK, MVD, FDPS, CYP51, TM7SF2, LBR, MSMO1, NSDHL, HSD17B7, DHCR24, EBP, SC5D, DHCR7, IDI1/2. Especially, HMGCR, SQLE, FDFT1, LSS, FDPS, CYP51, and EBP are promising therapeutic targets for drug development due to many drugs have been approved and entered into clinical research by targeting these genes. However, new targets and drugs still need to be discovered. Interestingly, many small nucleic acid drugs and vaccines were approved for the market, including Inclisiran, Patisiran, Inotersen, Givosiran, Lumasiran, Nusinersen, Volanesorsen, Eteplirsen, Golodirsen, Viltolarsen, Casimersen, Elasomeran, Tozinameran. However, these agents are all linear RNA agents. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) may have longer half-lives, higher stability, lower immunogenicity, lower production costs, and higher delivery efficiency than these agents due to their covalently closed structures. CircRNA agents are developed by several companies, including Orna Therapeutics, Laronde, and CirCode, Therorna. Many studies have shown that circRNAs regulate cholesterol synthesis by regulating HMGCR, SQLE, HMGCS1, ACS, YWHAG, PTEN, DHCR24, SREBP-2, and PMK expression. MiRNAs are essential for circRNA-mediated cholesterol biosynthesis. Notable, the phase II trial for inhibiting miR-122 with nucleic acid drugs has been completed. Suppressing HMGCR, SQLE, and miR-122 with circRNA_ABCA1, circ-PRKCH, circEZH2, circRNA-SCAP, and circFOXO3 are the promising therapeutic target for drug development, specifically the circFOXO3. This review focuses on the role and mechanism of the circRNA/miRNA axis in cholesterol synthesis in the hope of providing knowledge to identify new targets.

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