The potential relevance of growth hormone to female reproductive physiology and pathophysiology

Katz, Ehud; Ricciarelli, Elisabetta; Adashi, Eli Y.

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55610-6

Cited by 97 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…In PCOS, the dopaminergic activity is found to be reduced (Paradisi et al 1988) and thus can affect the GH level (Wu et al 2000). The GH exerts most of its function through peripheral IGF-1 (Adashi et al 1985, Katz et al 1993, which in turn participates in the negative feedback regulation of GH (Katz et al 1993, Muller et al 1999. The hyperinsulinemia seen in PCOS can increase free IGF-1 production which in turn can decrease GH release through increased hypothalamic somatostatin secretion (Wu et al 2000).…”

Section: Pcos and Growth Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal alterations in PCOS and its influence on bone metabolism

Krishnan¹,

Muthusami²

2017

Journal of Endocrinology

125

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO) polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in 4-8% of women worldwide. The prevalence of PCOS in Indian adolescents is 12.2% according to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). The National Institute of Health has documented that it affects approximately 5 million women of reproductive age in the United States. Hormonal imbalance is the characteristic of many women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The influence of various endocrine changes in PCOS women and their relevance to bone remains to be documented. Hormones, which include gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), insulin, the leutinizing/follicle-stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio, androgens, estrogens, growth hormones (GH), cortisol, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin are disturbed in PCOS women. These hormones influence bone metabolism in human subjects directly as well as indirectly. The imbalance in these hormones results in increased prevalence of osteoporosis in PCOS women. Limited evidence suggests that the drugs taken during the treatment of PCOS increase the risk of bone fracture in PCOS patients through endocrine disruption. This review is aimed at the identification of the relationship between bone mineral density and hormonal changes in PCOS subjects and identifies potential areas to study bone-related disorders in PCOS women.

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Section: Pcos and Growth Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal alterations in PCOS and its influence on bone metabolism

Krishnan¹,

Muthusami²

2017

Journal of Endocrinology

125

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“…The effects of GH on oocyte maturation may be expressed directly through its own receptor or indirectly by mediation of IGF-I. The GH receptor gene expression was found in cultured and aspirated human granulosa cells [19] and GH receptor was found granulosa cells in rats [20,21] and in large luteal cells, cumulus cells, follicles and oocytes in cattle [22,23]. Moreover, GH has been shown to induce the production of IGF-I in rat [24] and pig [25] granulosa cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

Possible Involvement of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in Mediating the Stimulatory Effect of Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone on Maturation of Bovine Oocytes In Vitro.

Iga

Niwa

Bartke

1998

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…The small follicles induced by GH appear to be fully rowth hormone (GH) regulates growth and differentiation of various cell types and controls G anabolism and metabolism of organs and tissues [1,2]. Although there is considerable evidence that the ovary is one of the sites of GH binding and action [3], its exact role in the control of reproduc-functional since the treatment of cattle with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin following GH resulted in significant increase of the number of ovulations and the number of embryos recovered [10]. In in vitro studies, GH enhances the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-stimulated luteinizing hormone receptor formation and progesterone biosynthesis in cultured rat granulosa cells [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone Stimulates Nuclear Maturation of Bovine Oocytes In Vitro and Promotes Subsequent Embryonic Development.

1998

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Abstract. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbGH) on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of bovine oocytes in vitro and subsequent embryonic development after in vitro fertilization. When cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) and cumulus-free oocytes were cultured in modified Medium 199 supplemented with 0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 or 1000 ng/ml rbGH for 24 h, no cumulus expansion was observed in most COCs in the presence of any of the tested concentrations of rbGH. The efficacy of nuclear maturation of oocytes to metaphase II was promoted by rbGH only in COCs showing higher proportions at 10-1000 ng/ml (77-78%) than at 0-1 ng/ml (57-64%). When COCs were cultured in the presence or absence of 10 ng/ml rbGH for 0-9 h, the proportions of oocytes that reached prometaphase I and metaphase I after 6 and 9 h of culture, respectively, were higher in the presence (53% and 51%, respectively) than in the absence (34% and 30%, respectively) of rbGH. After in vitro maturation and fertilization, no differences were observed in the penetration rate (82-91%), pronuclear formation (27-45%) and polyspermy (23-29%) at 8 h post-insemination among cumulus-enclosed oocytes cultured in the presence of different concentrations (0-1000 ng/ml) of rbGH. When starting 8 h after insemination, the oocytes were cultured for 136 h in a chemically defined medium, 21-25% of oocytes developed to the morula stage or beyond without difference among different concentrations of rbGH during oocyte maturation. However, at 192 h post-insemination higher proportions of oocytes developed to the blastocyst stage when COCs were matured in the presence (13-15%) than in the absence (6%) of 10-1000 ng/ml rbGH. These results indicate that a stimulatory effect of rbGH on bovine oocyte maturation is dependent on the cumulus cells. Presence of rbGH in the media improved maturation rate and subsequent embryonic development to the blastocyst stage.

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The potential relevance of growth hormone to female reproductive physiology and pathophysiology

Cited by 97 publications

References 163 publications

Hormonal alterations in PCOS and its influence on bone metabolism

Hormonal alterations in PCOS and its influence on bone metabolism

Possible Involvement of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in Mediating the Stimulatory Effect of Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone on Maturation of Bovine Oocytes In Vitro.

Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone Stimulates Nuclear Maturation of Bovine Oocytes In Vitro and Promotes Subsequent Embryonic Development.

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