The potential of Spent Substrate of Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) dan Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mushrooms to Control Damping-off Disease (Rhizoctonia solani) in Tomato

Abstract

Spent mushroom substrates are potential for controlling plant diseases. This study examined the abilities of spent substrates of Shiitake (L. edodes) and Oyster (P. ostreatus) mushrooms to inhibit the growth of R. solani in vitro and control dampingoff disease in tomato seedling. The in vitro experiment examined the abilities of water extract of spent mushroom substrate non-sterile and sterile to inhibit the pathogen using poisonous food method. In the nursery experiment, substrates were mixed with the planting medium, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 (v/v). The result showed that the water extract of spent substrates of L. edodes and P. ostreatus inhibited the growth of R. solani by 29.1%-40.6%. Non sterile water extract of spent substrate of P. osteratus showed highest inhibition level (40%). In tomato nursery, mixing spent substrates of L. edodes or P. ostreatus with planting medium 1:2, and 1:3 (v/v) inhibited damping-off disease in tomato seedling by 57.5%-100%. Application of P. ostreatus spent substrate in the planting medium, 1:2 and 1:3 (v/v) resulted in 100% inhibition of the disease.

Fungal and bacterial population from spent mushroom substrate used to cultivate tomato plants

“…The organic substrate has been known for a long time because it presents a characteristic of suppressivity against pathogens, especially of the soil, associated to the presence of different chemical compounds, and also to a direct action of the microorganisms present in it. SMS from Shiitake contains microbes and toxic compounds that can inhibit the growth of R. solani in tomato seedlings (Herawati;Istifadah, 2019;Suarez-Estrella et al, 2013). DGGE analysis revealed higher prokaryote abundance relative to eukaryotes, both in commercial substrate samples and in the SMS substrates of the Agaricus mushrooms (Figures 1 and 2).…”

The Potential of Microbes Isolated from Spent Substrate of Shiitake and Oyster Mushrooms to Induce Resistance Against Early Blight Disease in Tomatoes

“…The ability of spent substrate from shiitake and oyster mushrooms to control plant disease has been documented. Spent shiitake and/or oyster mushroom substrates have been reported to control bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solancearum) in potatoes [4,5], stem-based rot in onions [6], damping off disease (Phytophthora drechsleri) in cucumbers [7], damping off disease (Rhizoctonia solani) in tomatoes [8] and late blight disease (Phytophthora capsici) in peppers [9]. Spent mushroom substrate can control plant diseases through several mechanisms.…”