The potential of selected Australian medicinal plants with anti-Proteus activity for the treatment and prevention of rheumatoid arthritis

Cock, Ian Edwin; Winnett, Veronica; Sirdaarta, Joseph; Matthews, Ben

doi:10.4103/0973-1296.157734

Cited by 56 publications

(67 citation statements)

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“…Many high antioxidant fruits and herbs have been reported to have good antibacterial activities. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]21,33,36 Given the high antioxidant capacities and 'superfood' status of acai, cacao and maca, surprisingly few studies have examined their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Indeed, whilst multiple anecdotal reports are available, we were unable to find any scientific studies screening acai, cacao or maca extracts for the ability to inhibit the growth of P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae, A. baylyi or P. aeruginosa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2 shows the extract and control toxin concentrations required to achieve 50% mortality (LC 50 ) at various times. As toxicity of crude plant extracts has previously been defined as 24 h LC 50 values <1000 µg/mL, 36 the measured LC 50 values indicate that all acai, caco and maca extracts were nontoxic.…”

Section: Quantification Of Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[34][35][36] The plant extracts were diluted in deionised water across a concentration range of 10 mg/mL to 0.1 mg/mL. Discs were impregnated with 10 µL of the test dilutions, allowed to dry and placed onto inoculated plates.…”

Section: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (Mic) Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[34][35][36] Briefly, 100 µL of the test bacteria were grown in 10 mL of fresh nutrient broth until they reached a count of approximately 10 8 cells/mL as determined by direct microscopic determination. 100 microliters of microbial suspension was spread onto the agar plates.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acai, cacao and maca extracts: Anticancer activity and growth inhibition of microbial triggers of selected autoimmune inflammatory diseases

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Cock³

2016

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Background: The consumption of high antioxidant foods has been linked with a decreased incidence of some cancers and inflammatory diseases. Some high antioxidant foods also inhibit the growth of a variety of bacterial pathogens. Despite this, the high antioxidant 'superfoods' acai, cacao and maca are yet to be adequately tested for anticancer activity or the ability to inhibit the growth of bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Materials and Methods: Freeze dried acai, cacao and maca powders were extracted and tested for antimicrobial activity using a modified disc diffusion assay and the MICs were determined. Inhibitory activity against CaCo2 and HeLa cancer cell lines was evaluated using colorimetric cell proliferation assays. Toxicity was evaluated using an Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: The acai, cacao and maca extracts displayed broad spectrum antibacterial activity, inhibiting the growth of all of the bacteria screened, although generally with only low efficacy. The ethyl acetate extracts were more potent bacterial growth inhibitors than were the corresponding methanolic and aqueous extracts. The inhibitory activity of the acai and maca ethyl acetate extracts against P. mirabilis was particularly noteworthy, with MIC values <1000 µg/mL. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of all fruits had only low bacterial growth inhibitory activity. In contrast, the aqueous extracts of cacao and maca were the most effective at inhibiting proliferation of the colorectal cancer cell line CaCo2 (aqueous maca extract IC 50 =1800 µg/mL) and HeLa cervical cancer cell growth, (aqueous cacao extract IC 50 values 1810 µg/mL). All extracts were non-toxic, with LC 50 values substantially > 1000 µg/mL. Conclusion: These studies demonstrate that the aqueous cacao and maca extracts have appreciable inhibitory activity against some cancer cell lines and that the acai and maca ethyl acetate extracts were moderate inhibitors of the growth of bacteria associated with selected autoimmune inflammatory disorders. Furthermore, the toxicity studies indicate that they are safe for therapeutic usage. All other extracts were inactive or of low activity towards the cancer and bacterial cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantification Of Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (Mic) Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Acai, cacao and maca extracts: Anticancer activity and growth inhibition of microbial triggers of selected autoimmune inflammatory diseases

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Cock³

2016

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“…However, recently there has been increased study in this field. [4][5][6][7] Swainsona formosa (G.Don) Joy Thomps. (family Fabaceae; synonyms Clianthus formosus (G.Don) Ford & Vickery, Clianthus dampieri Lindl., Clianthus oxleyi A.Cunn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swainsona Formosa (G.Don) Joy Thomp. Solvent Extractions Inhibit the Growth of a Panel of Pathogenic Bacteria

Chikowe¹,

Mpala²,

Cock³

2017

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Introduction: Swainsona formosa is a legumous plant which is endemic to the arid inland regions of Australia. Several Swainsona spp. were valued by the first Australian for their antiseptic properties and were used traditionally to treat a variety of bacterial diseases. Despite this, S. formosa solvent extractions have not been rigorously examined for antibacterial properties against many bacterial pathogens. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of S. formosa leaf extracts was investigated by disc diffusion and growth time course assays against a panel of pathogenic bacteria. The growth inhibitory activity was quantified by MIC determination. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: S. formosa leaf extracts inhibited the growth of a wide range of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The methanolic extracts were generally more potent than the aqueous extracts. The methanolic and aqueous S. formosa leaf extracts were particularly potent inhibitors of A. faecalis, A. hydrophilia, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, B. cereus, S. aureus and S. pyogenes growth, with MIC values substantially <1000 µg/mL and as low as 150 µg/mL against some bacteria (methanolic extract against P. mirabilis). The antibacterial activity of the methanolic and aqueous S. formosa leaf extracts was further investigated by growth time course assays which showed significant growth inhibition in cultures of all bacterial species within 1 h of exposure. All extracts were determined to be nontoxic in the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay, indicating their safety for therapeutic uses. Conclusions: The lack of toxicity of the S. formosa leaf extracts and their growth inhibitory bioactivity against a panel of pathogenic bacteria indicate their potential in the development of antiseptic agents.

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Ethnopharmacology, Biological Activity and Phytochemistry of Scaevola spinescens

Nguyen

Scarlett

Vuong

2021

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Scaevola spinescens is endemic to Australia and has traditionally been used by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities to treat a variety of conditions including colds, flu, fever, stomach pain, urinary disorders, sores, tinea, leprosy, and cancer. Extracts prepared from S. spinescens are non‐toxic and have been linked with various medicinal properties including antiviral, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer activities. These studies support the ethnopharmacological use of S. spinescens by Indigenous peoples of Australia and highlight the need for further investigations on the plant for potential use in pharmaceutical and food applications. This review provides a comprehensive, up‐to‐date review of the literature on S. spinescens focusing on the traditional use, medicinal properties, phytochemicals, and factors that affect their composition during pre‐treatment and extraction, as well as providing a framework for future studies of the plant.

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The potential of selected Australian medicinal plants with anti-Proteus activity for the treatment and prevention of rheumatoid arthritis

Cited by 56 publications

References 50 publications

Acai, cacao and maca extracts: Anticancer activity and growth inhibition of microbial triggers of selected autoimmune inflammatory diseases

Acai, cacao and maca extracts: Anticancer activity and growth inhibition of microbial triggers of selected autoimmune inflammatory diseases

Swainsona Formosa (G.Don) Joy Thomp. Solvent Extractions Inhibit the Growth of a Panel of Pathogenic Bacteria

Ethnopharmacology, Biological Activity and Phytochemistry of Scaevola spinescens

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