The potential of predators in natural control of aphids in wheat: Results of a ten-year field study in two German landscapes

Freier, Bernd; Triltsch, H.; Möwes, Maureen; Moll, E.

doi:10.1007/s10526-007-9081-5

Cited by 59 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The explanation is evident in the case of assessments that rely on a correlation between prey and predator densities (e.g., Hattingh and Samways, 1994;Elliott and Kieckhefer, 2000;Basky, 2003;Freier et al, 2007), as such correlations are not causal: high abundance of predators at locations where prey is abundant does not necessarily mean that these predators regulate prey abundance (Hughes, 1973). In some studies correlations between the predator-to-prey ratio and predator density are analyzed (Zhao et al, 2013a,b), but not the direct effect of natural enemies on prey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predator efficiency reconsidered for a ladybird-aphid system

et al. 2015

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Some experiments indicate that ladybirds can significantly suppress aphid abundance. For example, exclusion of predators by caging aphid-infested plants repeatedly results in higher aphid populations and faster aphid population growth rates. However, aphidophagous ladybirds have never proved effective in controlling aphid populations in the field, which is consistent with the theoretical prediction that long-lived predators cannot be effective in controlling a short-lived prey (the generation time ratio hypothesis, GTR). To resolve this paradox, field experiments, involving two species of ladybirds, Coccinella septempunctata bruckii and Harmonia axyridis were used to determine their efficiency in suppressing populations of the aphid, Aphis gossypii, on small shrubs of Hibiscus syriacus under natural conditions. Instead of by caging, the effect of each ladybird species on aphid population dynamics was determined by removing all the eggs of C. septempunctata from 8 shrubs, those of H. axyridis from a further 8 shrubs, all those of both species from an additional 12 shrubs and leaving the eggs on 6 control shrubs. These predators did not have a negative effect on the peak numbers of the aphids. Thus, one should be cautious when interpreting the results of cage experiments, used to assess the efficiency of predators in reducing the abundance of their prey.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predator efficiency reconsidered for a ladybird-aphid system

et al. 2015

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“…Several insect pests infest wheat and cause enormous damage during two important growth stages (heading and flowering) (Freier et al, 2007). Major threats regarding yield reduction of wheat come from insect pests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of salicylic acid elicitor against aphids on wheat and detection of infestation using infrared thermal imaging technique in Ismailia, Egypt

Mahmoud

Mahfouz

2015

Pesticidi i fitomedicina

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SUmmARyWheat (Triticum sativum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in Egypt. Insect pests, such as aphids, are major threats in terms of yield reduction. Induced resistance in wheat using salicylic acid as a foliar application was tested on the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons. Three wheat cultivars, Gemeza 9, Sakha 93 and Giza 168, were sprayed three times with two concentrations of salicylic acid (SA), 200 mg/l and 100 mg/l, after early detection of aphid infestation by infrared thermal imaging.The infrared thermal imaging technique is based on significant differences in surface temperature between infested and healthy leaves. Imaging data are digital, and a computer program can be used to detect infestation rapidly. The results showed that aphid infestation raised the temperature of infested leaves, compared to healthy leaves. The range temperature difference between maximum and minimum temperatures (At) was 1.1 ºC in healthy leaves and 3.9 ºC in infected leaves. The results of SA application showed significant differences in the mean number of aphids and in reduction of infestation among treatments and cultivars. The higher of the two SA rates (200 mg/l) gave higher efficacy in the three cultivars than the lower rate (100 mg/l) over the five weeks of trial. The highest efficacy against aphids was reached one week after application (86.28% for Giza, 85.89% for Gemesa and 70.54% for Sakha). Moreover, SA treatment enhanced the wheat yield of all three cultivars, compared with control plants. The three cultivars (Giza, Gemesa and Sakha) produced higher yields than the control when sprayed with 200 mg/l SA. Their grain yield was 2,491.5, 2,455.0, and 2,327.25 kg/feddan (1 fed = 0.42 ha), respectively. In conclusion, infrared thermal imaging can be employed in identification of infected leaves. Also, the application of SA on wheat induced plant resistance to aphids.

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“…Phytophagous syrphids (Diptera: Syrphidae) are agents considered to have enormous potential in the biological control of aphids (Tenhumberg and Poehling, 1995;Rojo et al, 2003;Brewer and Elliott, 2004;Freier et al, 2007;Haenke et al, 2009). Although many of the articles on their importance for biological control focus on outdoor crops (Niehoff and Poehling, 1995;Jansen, 2000;Miñarro et al, 2005;Aguado et al, 2006;Freier et al, 2007;Diaz et al, 2010), an increasing number of studies also demonstrate their importance for greenhouse crops (Pineda and Marcos-García, 2008b;Pineda and Marcos-García, 2008a;Pineda and Marcos-García, 2008b). Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Diptera: Syrphidae) is an aphido-phagous syrphid of Paleartic distribution but is particularly common in crops in the Mediterranean area (Speight, 2005).…”

Section: Analysis Of a Mediterranean Greenhousementioning

confidence: 99%

Coverage and invariance for the biological control of pests in mediterranean greenhouses

Lloret-Climent¹,

Amorós-Jiménez²,

González-Franco³

et al. 2014

Ecological Modelling

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A major problem related to the treatment of ecosystems is that they have no available mathematical formalization. This implies that many of their properties are not presented as short, rigorous modalities, but rather as long expressions which, from a biological standpoint, totally capture the significance of the property, but which have the disadvantage of not being sufficiently manageable, from a mathematical standpoint. The interpretation of ecosystems through networks allows us to employ the concepts of coverage and invariance alongside other related concepts. The latter will allow us to present the two most important relations in an ecosystem -predator-prey and competition -in a different way. Biological control, defined as "the use of living organisms, their resources or their products to prevent or reduce loss or damage caused by pests", is now considered the environmentally safest and most economically advantageous method of pest control (Van Lanteren, 2011). A guild includes all those organisms that share a common food resource (Polis et al., 1989), which in the context of biological control means all the natural enemies of a given pest. There are several types of intraguild interactions, but the one that has received most research attention is intraguild predation, which occurs when two organisms share the same prey while at the same time participating in some kind of trophic interaction. However, this is not the only intraguild relationship possible, and studies are now being conducted on others, such as oviposition deterrence. In this article, we present statistical data to assess the effect of volatile compounds excreted by intra-and interspecific competitors on the oviposition behavior of female syrphids (Amoros-Jimenez, 2013) and we apply the developed concepts of structural functions, coverage, invariant sets, etc. (Lloret et al., 1998; Lloret, 2006,a,b, 2007) to biological control in the specific case of a Mediterranean greenhouse.

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The potential of predators in natural control of aphids in wheat: Results of a ten-year field study in two German landscapes

Cited by 59 publications

References 27 publications

Predator efficiency reconsidered for a ladybird-aphid system

Predator efficiency reconsidered for a ladybird-aphid system

Effects of salicylic acid elicitor against aphids on wheat and detection of infestation using infrared thermal imaging technique in Ismailia, Egypt

Coverage and invariance for the biological control of pests in mediterranean greenhouses

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