The Potential of Nail Mini-Organ Stem Cells in Skin, Nail and Digit Tips Regeneration

Pulawska-Czub, Anna; Pieczonka, Tomasz D.; Mazurek, Paula; Kobielak, Krzysztof

doi:10.3390/ijms22062864

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(171 reference statements)

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“…We also hypothesized that the presence of stem cells associated with peri-nail epidermis neogenesis was related to the skin graft extension. We performed the excision while preserving the nail matrix, with vicinity stem cells that are thought to exist 8 , 9 ; thus, the shrunken skin graft could extend and produce the desired morphological appearance. Moreover, the presence of stem cells could result in eponychium and cuticle regeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconceptualization of Proximal Nail Fold Reconstruction: Skin Grafting over the Nail Plate

Hara

Matsumoto

Funabashi

2023

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Summary: The structure of the periungual area is complicated, resulting in historically difficult morphological reconstruction after trauma or cancer resection. There is also no established standard for its reconstruction; thus, we aimed to use a full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) over the nail plate. Three patients with Bowen disease on their proximal nail fold (PNF) underwent excision with a 2-mm margin preserving the nail matrix, and a temporary wound dressing was applied. The FTSG was harvested from the ipsilateral ulnar wrist joint and placed over the skin defect, including the nail plate. Initially, the FTSG seemed to have shrunken; however, after 3 months, it extended and the PNF had a good color and texture match. Remarkably, the FTSG adhered to the nail plate, and the complex PNF structure appeared well reconstructed. Occasionally, a local flap is used; however, it is limited to small defects and causes a deformity of the periungual structure. In this study, the reconstructed PNF showed good results. We presumed that the bridging phenomenon caused graft survival on the nail plate, and that the presence of stem cells near the nail matrix caused graft extension and eponychium and cuticle regeneration. Specifically, the acquisition of sufficient raw surface around the nail plate and wound preparation after excision resulted in the former, and the nail matrix preservation after excision contributed to the latter. This surgical technique is simple and can therefore be considered a remarkably effective method for periungual area reconstruction to date.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconceptualization of Proximal Nail Fold Reconstruction: Skin Grafting over the Nail Plate

Hara

Matsumoto

Funabashi

2023

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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“…This process has also been observed in rhesus monkeys and neonatal and adult rodents, such as rats and mice ( Singer et al, 1987 ; Neufeld and Zhao, 1995 ; Mohammad and Neufeld, 2000 ). Digit anatomy and tissue composition are highly conserved among these species ( Pulawska-Czub et al, 2021 ), and mouse has become the predominant experimental model used by researchers to study digit tip regeneration. A major component of the digit tip is the distal, third phalangeal (P3) bone which has dorsal and ventral tendons attached proximally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toeing the line between regeneration and fibrosis

Jou

Lehoczky

2023

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Understanding the remarkable capacity of vertebrates to naturally regenerate injured body parts has great importance for potential translation into human therapeutic applications. As compared to other vertebrates, mammals have low regenerative capacity for composite tissues like the limb. However, some primates and rodents can regenerate the distal tips of their digits following amputation, indicating that at least very distal mammalian limb tissues are competent for innate regeneration. It follows that successful digit tip regenerative outcome is highly dependent on the location of the amputation; those proximal to the position of the nail organ do not regenerate and result in fibrosis. This distal regeneration versus proximal fibrosis duality of the mouse digit tip serves as a powerful model to investigate the driving factors in determining each process. In this review, we present the current understanding of distal digit tip regeneration in the context of cellular heterogeneity and the potential for different cell types to function as progenitor cells, in pro-regenerative signaling, or in moderating fibrosis. We then go on to discuss these themes in the context of what is known about proximal digit fibrosis, towards generating hypotheses for these distinct healing processes in the distal and proximal mouse digit.

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