The Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell as Therapy in Neonatal Diseases

Liau, Ling Ling; Al-Masawa, Maimonah Eissa; Koh, Benson; Looi, Qi Hao; Foo, Jhi Biau; Lee, Sau Har; Cheah, Fook-Choe; Law, Jia Xian

doi:10.3389/fped.2020.591693

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Examples of multipotent cells are hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and MSCs. HSCs can be isolated from peripheral blood, bone marrow, and umbilical cord blood, whereas MSCs can be found in bone marrow, umbilical cord, cord blood, placental, peripheral blood, adipose tissue, dental tissues, skin, salivary gland, and synovial fluid [29][30][31][32]. Although there are variations in molecular composition, surface antigen expression, differentiation capacity, and immunomodulatory property in MSCs isolated from different tissue sources [23,33], however, functional analyses showed that all the secretome have similar functionality, i.e., to promote cell migration and inhibit cell apoptosis [34] However, many studies have found that these mechanisms are insufficient, and MSCs seem to secrete a myriad of paracrine factors, e.g., growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines, to promote tissue regeneration and modulate the immune response.…”

Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and their Secretory Products in Regenerative Medicine

Foo

Looi²,

Chong

et al. 2021

Stem Cells International

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Cell therapy involves the transplantation of human cells to replace or repair the damaged tissues and modulate the mechanisms underlying disease initiation and progression in the body. Nowadays, many different types of cell-based therapy are developed and used to treat a variety of diseases. In the past decade, cell-free therapy has emerged as a novel approach in regenerative medicine after the discovery that the transplanted cells exerted their therapeutic effect mainly through the secretion of paracrine factors. More and more evidence showed that stem cell-derived secretome, i.e., growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles, can repair the injured tissues as effectively as the cells. This finding has spurred a new idea to employ secretome in regenerative medicine. Despite that, will cell-free therapy slowly replace cell therapy in the future? Or are these two modes of treatment still needed to address different diseases and conditions? This review provides an indepth discussion about the values of stem cells and secretome in regenerative medicine. In addition, the safety, efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages of using these two modes of treatment in regenerative medicine are also critically reviewed.

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Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and their Secretory Products in Regenerative Medicine

Foo

Looi²,

Chong

et al. 2021

Stem Cells International

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“…Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with lipopolysaccharide can regulate the immune response in septic mice and reduce inflammation ( 70 ). adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) pretreated with eicosapentaenoic acid can reduce lung and distal organ damage, improve sepsis and increase the survival rates in cecal ligation and perforation(CLP)-induced experimental sepsis ( 71 ). Systemic administration of mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with interleukin-1β (β-mesenchymal stem cells) is more effective than untreated mesenchymal stem cells in improving the symptoms of sepsis in mice and increasing the survival rate.…”

Section: Therapeutic Effects Of Mscs After Pretreatment and Genetic Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine Storms by Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Immunol.

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used in preclinical and clinical trials for various diseases and have shown great potential in the treatment of sepsis and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Inflammatory factors play vital roles in the pathogenesis of diseases. The interaction between inflammatory factors is extremely complex. Once the dynamics of inflammatory factors are unbalanced, inflammatory responses and cytokine storm syndrome develop, leading to disease exacerbation and even death. Stem cells have become ideal candidates for the treatment of such diseases due to their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the mechanisms by which stem cells affect inflammation and immune regulation are still unclear. This article discusses the therapeutic mechanism and potential value of MSCs in the treatment of sepsis and the novel COVID-19, outlines how MSCs mediate innate and acquired immunity at both the cellular and molecular levels, and described the anti-inflammatory mechanisms and related molecular pathways. Finally, we review the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy in these two diseases at the preclinical and clinical levels.

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“…MSCs have self-renewal, differentiation, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, pro-mitotic, anti-oxidative, and immunomodulatory properties. [86][87][88] Besides, MSCs can be harvested from many tissue sources using minimally invasive techniques. 89 MSCs can also be expanded easily for many passages without significant changes in characteristics and functionality, and produce more exosomes.…”

Section: Source Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review

Ng¹,

Chai²,

Foo³

et al. 2021

IJN

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Treatment of cartilage defects such as osteoarthritis (OA) and osteochondral defect (OCD) remains a huge clinical challenge in orthopedics. OA is one of the most common chronic health conditions and is mainly characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, shown in the limited capacity for intrinsic repair. OCD refers to the focal defects affecting cartilage and the underlying bone. The current OA and OCD management modalities focus on symptom control and on improving joint functionality and the patient’s quality of life. Cell-based therapy has been evaluated for managing OA and OCD, and its chondroprotective efficacy is recognized mainly through paracrine action. Hence, there is growing interest in exploiting extracellular vesicles to induce cartilage regeneration. In this review, we explore the in vivo evidence of exosomes on cartilage regeneration. A total of 29 in vivo studies from the PubMed and Scopus databases were identified and analyzed. The studies reported promising results in terms of in vivo exosome delivery and uptake; improved cartilage morphological, histological, and biochemical outcomes; enhanced subchondral bone regeneration; and improved pain behavior following exosome treatment. In addition, exosome therapy is safe, as the included studies documented no significant complications. Modifying exosomal cargos further increased the cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration capacity of exosomes. We conclude that exosome administration is a potent cell-free therapy for alleviating OA and OCD. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the therapeutic potential of exosomes and to identify the standard protocol for exosome-based therapy in OA and OCD management.

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The Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell as Therapy in Neonatal Diseases

Cited by 22 publications

References 99 publications

Comparing the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and their Secretory Products in Regenerative Medicine

Comparing the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and their Secretory Products in Regenerative Medicine

Regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine Storms by Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review

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