The potential of flower odours for use in population monitoring of Western flower thripsFrankliniella occidentalisPerg. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Abstract

Sticky blue traps are a suitable and important tool for Western Flower Thrips population monitoring in greenhouses. They can be used in vegetables and in ornamentals, and provideimportant information on the current status of the pest population. However, such traps cannot be used in some susceptible plant species when they are flowering because at that stage the plants are more attractive to Western Flower Thrips than the traps. We therefore tried to increase trap attractiveness by combining the colour cue with an attractive odour cue. In laboratory experiments, we found a significant additive effect on attractiveness for two odours in traps provided with both the visual and the olfactory cues as compared to traps with either cue alone. However, these results could not easily be reproduced in greenhouses. The main factors responsible for this failure seem to be (1) the only moderate, additive increase of trap attractiveness when using combined visual and olfactory cues, and (2) the problems associated with odour diffusion. Unless a more attractive odour is found and a suitable odour dispenser is available, the use of odours to enhance sticky blue trap attractiveness for Western Flower Thrips cannot be recommended and, given the added cost for the trap, may not be affordable for growers.

Responses of New Zealand flower thrips(Thrips obscuratus)to synthetic and natural stimuli (odour and colour) in a wind tunnel

“…Evidence that colour and odour are important for thrips host-finding has come from a number of sources including research with sticky and water traps, Y-tube olfactometers, wind tunnels, and electroantennagrams (Kirk 1984(Kirk , 1985Frey et al 1994;Teulon & Penman 1992;Matteson et al 1992;Teulon et al 1993Teulon et al , 1999Terry 1997;Pow et al 1998;Agelopoulos et al 1999;de Kogel et al 1999;Koschier et al 2000;Smits et al 2000). Although it is clear that both colour and odour cues can increase thrips capture in traps, the behaviour that leads to these results is not understood, especially for odour (Agelopoulos et al 1999;Teulon et al 1999;Smits et al 2000).…”

“…Their response to visual cues, especially colour, has been used to develop traps for monitoring thrips for pest management (Teulon et al 1993) but there is potential to use other stimuli (e.g., volatile chemical odours) to develop alternative methods for thrips pest management, such as mass trapping, lure and kill, lure and infect, and push-pull or stimulodeterrent diversionary strategies (Teulon et al 1993(Teulon et al , 1999Agelopoulos et al 1999). For the well-studied cosmopolitan pest species, Western flower thrips (WFT, Frankliniella occidentalis), the proportion of thrips caught on coloured traps in greenhouses, with and without certain synthetic chemical odours, has been inconsistent (Brodsgaard 1990;Teulon et al 1993Teulon et al , 1999Frey et al 1994;Smits et al 2000). Differences in these studies with respect to greenhouse size, the distance between traps and trap densities make these results difficult to interpret and have reinforced the need to better understand how thrips use these stimuli for host-finding.…”

Behaviour-modifying activity of eugenol on Thrips tabaci Lindeman

“…mediating interaction between thrips and their host plants have been investigated. Eugenol was found to be an olfactory attractant to some cereal and flower inhabiting thrips species (Holtmann 1963;Frey et al 1994;Koschier et al 2000), but when applied to different hosts of T. tabaci, it not only caused general avoidance of a treated plant surface, but inhibited the thrips feeding and ovipositional activity. In all bioassays a 1% concentration was found to be the most effective over a 24-h photoperiod (Koschier et al 2002(Koschier et al , 2007.…”

Control Effects of Frankliniella occidentalis by using Trap Plants and Orius laevigatus in Chrysanthemum PVC House

“…류의 천적인 미끌애꽃노린재는 국화의 휘발물질과 색, 형태, 크기를 이용하여 식물체의 위치를 찾아내기도 한다 (Frey et al, 1994;Cho et al, 1995;Childers and Brecht 1996;Terry 1997;Teulon et al, 1999;de Kogel and Koschier 2003).…”