The potential of flax shives as reinforcements for injection moulded polypropylene composites

Nuez, Lucile; Beaugrand, Johnny; Shah, Darshil U.; Mayer‐Laigle, Claire; Bourmaud, Alain; D’Arras, Pierre; Baley, Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112324

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In this research, the sisal fiber composite performed better compared to the others, in terms of mechanical properties (about 4000 MPa of Young's modulus and 49 MPa of maximum tensile stress for 30% of fiber content). A variant of flax fiber is the use of flax shives (500 µm) with PP/MAH-g-PP [18], with promising results (almost 90% of the Young's modulus of flax fiber composite). The fiber treatment aims to improve the maximum strength, but in some researches the opposite effect was achieved.…”

Section: Fiber Specific Tensilementioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Banana Fiber Reinforced Composites for Its Application in Injection Molding

Kusić

Božič²,

Monzón

et al. 2020

Materials

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Several natural materials and vegetable waste have relevant mechanical properties, mainly in its fiber format. Particularly, banana fiber (BF) provides a close behavior to the widely spread glass fibers, which places it in an advantageous position for use as a reinforcing material in plastic composites. This work characterizes the behavior of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), and high density polyethylene (HDPE) reinforced with short fibers of bananas from the Canary Islands for its application in molding processes. Several thermal analyses (Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Melt Flow Index (MFI)) and mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, impact, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)) were carried out in composites with different percentages of banana fiber. The thermal results show that the use of banana fiber is viable as a reinforcement in composites for injection molding processes and the mechanical tests indicate an increase in stiffness and an improvement in maximum flexural stress by increasing the fiber content in composites, so the banana fiber turns out to be a natural alternative for the reinforcement of injected plastic components.

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Section: Fiber Specific Tensilementioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Banana Fiber Reinforced Composites for Its Application in Injection Molding

Kusić

Božič²,

Monzón

et al. 2020

Materials

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“…It could be due to the polymer flow during the preparation of the sandwich specimen, which is also likely to have damaged the tissue. Nuez et al 28 observed the same potential matrix penetration into the alveolar structure in injection‐molded polypropylene composites with flax shives. They proposed a basic micromechanical model discussion on the capacity of cell wall‐like small tubular structures highlighting the mechanical reinforcing potential of hollow fibers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…It could be due to the polymer flow during the preparation of the sandwich specimen, which is also likely to have damaged the tissue. Nuez et al 28…”

Section: Observation Of Isothermal Crystallization Experiments By Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcrystallinity in maize tissues/polypropylene composites: First focus of the heterogeneous nucleation and growth stages versus tissue type

Boyer

Haudin

Song

et al. 2020

Polymer Crystallization

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The improvement of cellulosic biomass-polymer composites needs to evaluate what occurs at the biomass-matrix interface during crystallization. Different well-defined maize tissues were obtained by original dry fractionation processes, without chemical treatment. Their morphological features were identified by optical and scanning electron microscopies. For each type of tissue, a small fragment was sandwiched between two films of isotactic polypropylene. The composite was subjected to quiescent isothermal conditions, followed in-situ by polarized optical microscopy. Focus of the heterogeneous nucleation at the surface of maize tissues showed that in all cases, more or less numerous semi-crystalline entities originated from the tissue surface, indicating a moderate nucleating activity. Different crystallization behaviors were observed as a function of the tissue. Growth rates of surface layers were generally higher that the growth rates of bulk spherulites. The differences were small, but significant. They were discussed within the frame of kinetic theory of growth.

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“…Non-wovens are made using tows, which contain both elementary fibres and bundles but also some woody sticks to a certain extent; these materials are named shives and are considered contaminants by materials engineers. The shives composition and mechanical properties strongly differ from those of technical fibres [14,15], and contain a reduced fraction of cellulose and more lignin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Fibre Individualisation and Mechanical Properties of a Flax-PLA Non-Woven Composite Following Physical Pre-Treatments

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Pre-treatments for plant fibres are very popular for increasing the fineness of bundles, promoting individualisation of fibres, modifying the fibre-matrix interface or reducing water uptake. Most pre-treatments are based on the use of chemicals and raise concerns about possible harmful effects on the environment. In this study, we used physical pre-treatments without the addition of chemical products. Flax tows were subjected to ultrasound and gamma irradiation to increase the number of elementary fibres. For gamma pre-treatments, a 20% increase in the number of elementary fibres was quantified. The biochemical composition of pre-treated flax tows exhibited a partial elimination of sugars related to pectin and hemicelluloses depending on the pre-treatment. The hygroscopic behaviour showed a comparable decreasing trend for water sorption-desorption hysteresis for both types of pre-treatment. Then, non-woven composites were produced from the pre-treated tows using poly-(lactid) (PLA) as a bio-based matrix. A moderate difference between the composite mechanical properties was generally demonstrated, with a significant increase in the stress at break observed for the case of ultrasound pre-treatment. Finally, an environmental analysis was carried out and discussed to quantitatively compare the different environmental impacts of the pre-treatments for composite applications; the environmental benefit of using gamma irradiation compared to ultrasound pre-treatment was demonstrated.

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The potential of flax shives as reinforcements for injection moulded polypropylene composites

Cited by 31 publications

References 52 publications

Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Banana Fiber Reinforced Composites for Its Application in Injection Molding

Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Banana Fiber Reinforced Composites for Its Application in Injection Molding

Transcrystallinity in maize tissues/polypropylene composites: First focus of the heterogeneous nucleation and growth stages versus tissue type

Fibre Individualisation and Mechanical Properties of a Flax-PLA Non-Woven Composite Following Physical Pre-Treatments

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