The potential of drug repositioning as a short-term strategy for the control and treatment of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2): a systematic review

Lima, William Gustavo; Brito, Júlio César Moreira; Overhage, J. Marc; Nizer, Waleska Stephanie da Cruz

doi:10.1007/s00705-020-04693-5

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…[19][20][21][22][23][24]. Although some systematic reviews were published in the field of therapeutic options against COVID-19 and summarized the trials with inconclusive outcomes [25][26][27][28][29][30]. Zhong et al, provided a systematic review and meta-analysis including the therapies for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS) mainly besides COVID-19 and assessed their safety and efficacy profiles [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there any potential management against COVID-19? A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Purpose A recent survey has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has culminated in dramatical and critical treatment particularly in acute infected patients. In fact, this systematic review-meta-analysis was directly pertained to estimation at the efficient value of some clinical managements to confront the COVID-19 infection. Methods Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and Scholar databases were searched from inception to July 1, 2020, to identify studies reporting the current treatment process and medications (e.g. hydroxychloroquine, antiviral therapy, convalescent plasma, and immunomodulatory agents) for COVID-19. A random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to calculate the relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The outcomes of this study were the frequency of negative conversion cases, clinical improvements, mechanical ventilation demand, intensive care unit (ICU) entry, and mortality. The standard treatment refers to the published guidelines and specialist experience which varies in different articles, and the proposed treatment refers to the kind of interest suggested in the included studies. Results A number of 45 articles met the eligibility criteria (out of 6793 articles). Among them, 26 articles involving 3263 patients were included in quantitative analysis. Anti-COVID-19 interventions could significantly increase clinical improvement (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08-1.27; I 2 = 49.8%) and reduce the mortality rate (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.35-0.95; I 2 = 74.8%). Although in terms of negative conversion, ICU entry, and mechanical ventilation demand, clinical intervention had no beneficial effect. The clinical effect of immunomodulatory agents (especially tocilizumab and anakinra) was noticeable compared to other medications with RR of 0.22 (95% CI 0.09-0.53; I 2 = 40.9%) for mortality and 1.25 (95% CI 1.07-1.46; I 2 = 45.4%) for clinical improvement. Moreover, Antivirals (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.26; I 2 = 47.0%) and convalescent plasma therapy (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.01-1.98; I 2 = 66.6%) had significant beneficial effects on clinical improvement. Conclusion Based on our findings, all the included interventions significantly declined the mortality and enhanced clinical improvements with no effect on negative conversion and mechanical ventilation demand. Especially, immunomodulators and plasma therapy showed favorable outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there any potential management against COVID-19? A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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“…Other therapies focus on host inflammatory mediators (IFN-α, IFN-β, TZLS-501:IL-6 specific mAb (monoclonal antibodies), TJM2:GM-CSF-directed Ab). Some of these strategies and others are reviewed in (Tay et al 2020 ; Tu et al 2020 ; Lima et al 2020 ). Most recently, the FDA approved remdesivir for emergency use authorization (EUA) in COVID-19.…”

Section: Covid-19 and The Vasculaturementioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and interferon blockade

Diamond

Volpe

VanPatten

et al. 2020

Mol Med

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The response to viral infection generally includes an activation of the adaptive immune response to produce cytotoxic T cells and neutralizing antibodies. We propose that SARS-CoV-2 activates the innate immune system through the renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-bradykinin pathways, blocks interferon production and reduces an effective adaptive immune response. This model has therapeutic implications.

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“…There are several studies describing the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 using antiretroviral drugs, such as remdesivir [ 10 ], lopinavir/ritonavir, and darunavir [ 9 , 11 ]. The molecular mechanism of action of lopinavir/ritonavir has been discussed [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Their application for the treatment of COVID-19 as monotherapies [ 12 ] or in combination with other drugs [ 13 ] has been shown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data and Text Mining Help Identify Key Proteins Involved in the Molecular Mechanisms Shared by SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1

et al. 2020

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Viruses can be spread from one person to another; therefore, they may cause disorders in many people, sometimes leading to epidemics and even pandemics. New, previously unstudied viruses and some specific mutant or recombinant variants of known viruses constantly appear. An example is a variant of coronaviruses (CoV) causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), named SARS-CoV-2. Some antiviral drugs, such as remdesivir as well as antiretroviral drugs including darunavir, lopinavir, and ritonavir are suggested to be effective in treating disorders caused by SARS-CoV-2. There are data on the utilization of antiretroviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2. Since there are many studies aimed at the identification of the molecular mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and the development of novel therapeutic approaches against HIV-1, we used HIV-1 for our case study to identify possible molecular pathways shared by SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1. We applied a text and data mining workflow and identified a list of 46 targets, which can be essential for the development of infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1. We show that SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1 share some molecular pathways involved in inflammation, immune response, cell cycle regulation.

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The potential of drug repositioning as a short-term strategy for the control and treatment of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2): a systematic review

Cited by 39 publications

References 36 publications

Is there any potential management against COVID-19? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Is there any potential management against COVID-19? A systematic review and meta-analysis

SARS-CoV-2 and interferon blockade

Data and Text Mining Help Identify Key Proteins Involved in the Molecular Mechanisms Shared by SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1

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