The potential of DNA methylation as a biomarker for obesity and smoking

Heikkinen, Aino; Bollepalli, Sailalitha; Ollikainen, Miina

doi:10.1111/joim.13496

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 183 publications

(239 reference statements)

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“…Nearly all patients with cancer were male, tended to have a lower BMI, and had a history of drinking and smoking. It has been reported that in addition to cancer, DNA methylation could be affected by lifestyle habits such as smoking and obesity [ 43 ]. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, the DCC methylation cut-off value set in this study was not significantly affected by patient background factors, including smoking and obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylation analysis of DCC gene in saliva samples is an efficient method for non-invasive detection of superficial hypopharyngeal cancer

Hirai,

Kinugasa,

Yamamoto

et al. 2024

Br J Cancer

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Background Advances in upper gastrointestinal endoscopic technology have enabled early detection and treatment of hypopharyngeal cancer. However, in-depth pharyngeal observations require sedation and are invasive. It is important to establish a minimally invasive and simple evaluation method to identify high-risk patients. Methods Eighty-seven patients with superficial hypopharyngeal cancer and 51 healthy controls were recruited. We assessed the methylation status of DCC, PTGDR1, EDNRB, and ECAD, in tissue and saliva samples and verified the diagnostic accuracy by methylation analyses of their promoter regions using quantitative methylation-specific PCR. Results Significant differences between cancer and their surrounding non-cancerous tissues were observed in the methylation values of DCC (p = 0.003), EDNRB (p = 0.001), and ECAD (p = 0.043). Using receiver operating characteristic analyses of the methylation values in saliva samples, DCC showed the highest area under the curve values for the detection of superficial hypopharyngeal cancer (0.917, 95% confidence interval = 0.864–0.970), compared with those for EDNRB (0.680) and ECAD (0.639). When the cutoff for the methylation values of DCC was set at ≥0.163, the sensitivity to detect hypopharyngeal cancer was 82.8% and the specificity was 90.2%. Conclusions DCC methylation in saliva samples could be a non-invasive and efficient tool for early detection of hypopharyngeal cancer in high-risk patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylation analysis of DCC gene in saliva samples is an efficient method for non-invasive detection of superficial hypopharyngeal cancer

Hirai,

Kinugasa,

Yamamoto

et al. 2024

Br J Cancer

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“…The modifiable nature of epigenetic marks makes them key targets for future therapies. DNA methylation is a well-studied and stable form of epigenetics, and it has been shown that the alterations of DNA methylation are related to many diseases [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. This has drawn increasing attention to the importance of methylation in the pathophysiology of AS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatics Identification of Aberrantly Methylated Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Arteriosclerosis by Integrative Analysis of Gene Expression and DNA Methylation Datasets

Cheng

Hou

Guo

2022

Genes

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The prognosis of patients with advanced arteriosclerosis is bleak due to the lack of understanding of arteriosclerosis. Epigenetics-based DNA methylation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. Hence, we aimed to identify the epigenetics-related aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes (AMDEGs) in arteriosclerosis. A gene expression dataset and DNA methylation dataset were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and AMDEGs were identified on the basis of the relationship between methylation and expression. Subsequently, the expression levels of candidate hub genes were detected in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from atherosclerotic patients and control subjects by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Lastly, the methylation level of the target gene was detected using the MassARRAY method. In the present study, the hypermethylated and downregulated genes were mainly involved in vascular smooth muscle contraction. The hypomethylated and upregulated genes were markedly associated with immune-inflammatory processes. Following validation, LMOD1 was identified as the target gene, which was hypermethylated and downregulated in arteriosclerosis. The methylation levels of CpG sites in LMOD1 promoter were detected to be elevated in the PBMCs of atherosclerotic patients. In conclusion, AMDEGs identified in the present study may assist in understanding the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. LMOD1 exhibits potential as a promising diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for arteriosclerosis.

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“…Variation in DNA methylation levels in peripheral blood leukocytes reflect genetic imprinting, environmental exposures, and the lineage differentiation that gives rise to immune cell subtypes [ 5 ]. Recent studies using epigenetic markers in blood have identified differentially methylated regions in smokers [ 6 , 7 ]; DNA methylation levels in these regions remained strongly associated with lung cancer mortality after adjusting for smoking history [ 6 ]. Epigenetic aging measures or “clocks” have also been developed to reflect biological age in tissue and blood [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic age and lung cancer risk in the CLUE II prospective cohort study

Michaud

Chung

Zhao

et al. 2023

Aging

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Background: Epigenetic age, a robust marker of biological aging, has been associated with obesity, low-grade inflammation and metabolic diseases. However, few studies have examined associations between different epigenetic age measures and risk of lung cancer, despite great interest in finding biomarkers to assist in risk stratification for lung cancer screening. Methods: A nested case-control study of lung cancer from the CLUE II cohort study was conducted using incidence density sampling with 1:1 matching of controls to lung cancer cases (n = 208 matched pairs). Prediagnostic blood samples were collected in 1989 (CLUE II study baseline) and stored at −70°C. DNA was extracted from buffy coat and DNA methylation levels were measured using Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip Arrays. Three epigenetic age acceleration (i.e., biological age is greater than chronological age) measurements (Horvath, Hannum and PhenoAge) were examined in relation to lung cancer risk using conditional logistic regression. Results: We did not observe associations between the three epigenetic age acceleration measurements and risk of lung cancer overall; however, inverse associations for the two Hannum age acceleration measures (intrinsic and extrinsic) were observed in men and among younger participants, but not in women or older participants. We did not observe effect modification by time from blood draw to diagnosis. Conclusion: Findings from this study do not support a positive association between three different biological age acceleration measures and risk of lung cancer. Additional studies are needed to address whether epigenetic age is associated with lung cancer in never smokers.

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The potential of DNA methylation as a biomarker for obesity and smoking

Abstract: Heikkinen A, Bollepalli S, Ollikainen M. The potential of DNA methylation as a biomarker for obesity and smoking.

Cited by 27 publications

References 183 publications

Methylation analysis of DCC gene in saliva samples is an efficient method for non-invasive detection of superficial hypopharyngeal cancer

Methylation analysis of DCC gene in saliva samples is an efficient method for non-invasive detection of superficial hypopharyngeal cancer

Bioinformatics Identification of Aberrantly Methylated Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Arteriosclerosis by Integrative Analysis of Gene Expression and DNA Methylation Datasets

Epigenetic age and lung cancer risk in the CLUE II prospective cohort study

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