The Potential of Chitosan and Its Derivatives in Prevention and Treatment of Age-Related Diseases

Kerch, Garry

doi:10.3390/md13042158

Cited by 104 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 178 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…Chitosan‐decorated nanomaterials have currently been applied to the delivery of peptides, proteins, small molecules, genes, and multitheranostics drugs for satisfactory biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non‐immunogenicity in chitosan . Earlier studies also reported that chitosan and its derivative could inhibit the fibrillogenesis of amyloid β‐protein Aβ‐40 and/or age‐related diseases . Based on these properties, we tried to incorporate chitosan oligosaccharide lactate with E 6 Q 10 to increase interactions with the cell membrane and facilitate cell delivery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatible Inhibitor Based on Chitosan and Amphiphilic Peptide against Mutant Huntingtin Toxicity

Wahyuningtyas

Chen

et al. 2019

ChemBioChem

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Huntington's disease (HD) is classified as a protein‐misfolding disease correlated with the mutant Huntingtin (mHtt) protein with abnormally expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) domains. Because no effective drugs have yet been reported, attempts to develop better therapy to delay the age of onset are in urgent demand. In this study, an amphiphilic peptide consisting of negatively charged hexaglutamic acid and a stretch of decaglutamine (E6Q10) was chemically synthesized as an inhibitor against polyQ and mHtt toxicity. It is found that E6Q10 selfassembles into spherical vesicles, as shown by means of TEM, cryoelectron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Assembled E6Q10 prevented the polyQ‐rich peptide (KKWQ20AKK) from forming amyloid fibrils. To enable the cell‐penetration ability of E6Q10, the E6Q10⋅chitosan complex was generated. It is demonstrated that the complex penetrates cells, interferes with the mHtt oligomerization and aggregation process, and prevents mHtt cytotoxicity. By combining positively charged chitosan and amphiphilic peptides with a negatively charge moiety, a new strategy is provided to develop biocompatible and biodegradable inhibitors against mHtt toxicity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatible Inhibitor Based on Chitosan and Amphiphilic Peptide against Mutant Huntingtin Toxicity

Wahyuningtyas

Chen

et al. 2019

ChemBioChem

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“…COS has antioxidative,12 anti-inflammatory,13 and antibacterial bioactivities 14. It has the potential to treat age-related dysfunctions including oxidative stress and chronic inflammation 15. Catheter-induced infection and healthcare-related infection increase the mortality rate and hospital charges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan oligosaccharide improves the therapeutic efficacy of sitagliptin for the therapy of Chinese elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Zhao¹,

Sun²,

Wang³

2017

TCRM

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Sitagliptin improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients but its side effects are undesirable. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is expected to improve the therapeutic result as a natural product. A total of 200 elderly T2DM patients were evenly assigned into four groups: sitagliptin group (SG), receiving sitagliptin 100 mg/day; COS group (CG), receiving COS 100 mg/day; combination therapy of sitagliptin and COS group (SCG), receiving both sitagliptin and COS 100 mg/day; and placebo group (PG), receiving placebo 100 mg/day. After 42-week therapy, biochemical indices and clinical parameters for the alterations from start points were analyzed. The related molecular mechanism was tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot at cell level. Lower risk of hypoglycemia was found in the SCG group when compared with SG and other groups (P<0.05). More patients from the SCG group than other groups attained hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reduction >2.5% (P<0.05). Weight reduction of 1.2±0.9, 2.6±0.8, 4.7±1.3, and 0.9±0.6 kg was observed in the patients from SG, CG, SCG, and PG groups, respectively (P<0.05). The combined treatment of COS and sitagliptin presented better therapeutic results by improving insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, adiponectin levels, and glucagon-like peptide 1 and reducing side effects, insulin resistance, HbA1c, body mass index, resistin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP) (P<0.05). qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis also showed that COS treatment reduced the levels of resistin, TNF-α, and CRP, and increased the level of adiponectin. The combination of COS and sitagliptin provided better glycemic control with fewer side effects and with more weight reduction in the elderly participants with T2DM.

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“…The beneficial effect of chitosan and chitosan derivatives in prevention and treatment of age-related dysfunctions especially in elderly such as diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer has been reviewed earlier [44]. Liu et al showed that in Streptozotocin treated rats which were fed with low and high molecular weight chitosan there was a significant decrease in liver gluconeogenesis and increase in skeletal muscle glucose uptake suggesting the potential effect of chitosan in alleviating diabetic hyperglycemia [45].…”

Section: Dietary Fiber and Health Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…reduction of total and LDL cholesterol, one of the important risk factors in cardiovascular diseases [46]. The use of chitosan as nutraceutical product in maintaining cardiovascular health by regulating lipid profile and having benefit on anthropometric profile is reviewed recently [44,47]. Furthermore, studies carried out in rats fed with high cholesterol suggest that chitosan may exert effect on fecal bacterial enzyme functions, change the level of short-chair fatty acid concentrations and extend beneficial effect to the distal colon in rats [48].…”

Section: Dietary Fiber and Health Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Nanoparticles for Generating Novel Systems for Better Applications: A Review

G¹,

KS²

2015

J Mol Genet Med

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The environmental sustainability and use of environmentally acceptable biomaterials are major areas of scientific and industrial research. In recent times, identification and application of suitable biopolymers instead of petroleum derived conventional polymers are gaining more attention. Chitosan and chitosan derived nanoparticles and nanocomposites are very promising due to their versatile properties and have found applications in various areas such as biomedical, foods, food packaging and personal care. Many studies suggest that chitosan nanoparticles and their derivatives are one of the best barrier and film coating materials for preserving the quality of foods and for delivering skin care products, mainly due to their biodegradability and anti-microbial properties. The present review gives insight on the progress made in the application of chitosan nanoparticles specifically in foods and food packaging, personal care products and in biomedical industry. Future studies shall address establishment of industrial scale up of chitosan nanoparticles, safety and quality aspects of these chitosan derived products for human use.

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The Potential of Chitosan and Its Derivatives in Prevention and Treatment of Age-Related Diseases

Cited by 104 publications

References 178 publications

Biocompatible Inhibitor Based on Chitosan and Amphiphilic Peptide against Mutant Huntingtin Toxicity

Biocompatible Inhibitor Based on Chitosan and Amphiphilic Peptide against Mutant Huntingtin Toxicity

Chitosan oligosaccharide improves the therapeutic efficacy of sitagliptin for the therapy of Chinese elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Chitosan Nanoparticles for Generating Novel Systems for Better Applications: A Review

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