The Potential of Antioxidants and Phytochemicals Components in Fruit Waste (Peel) of Citrus hystrix and Ananas comosus

Citrus is the most cultivated fruit crop in the world and occupies a place of considerable importance in the country’s economy. Almost 33% of the citrus fruits are processed for juice production; however, a great amount of wastes, including peels, segment membranes, and seeds are also produced. Indeed, citrus fruits consist of 45% juice, 26% pulp, 27% peels, and 2% seeds. Pruning, a cultural practice involving the removal of tree branches and limbs, was applied to improve fruit’s quality. A large amount of leaves are produced through pruning. These agri-food matrices contain a wide range of bioactive phytochemicals compared to fruits. The present review covers the past 5 years of research carried out in chemistry, health properties, and applications in food and nutraceutical industries of all portions of citrus fruit and its major bioactive compounds. Additionally, patents are also included.

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“…Similarly, Pereira et al (2020) reported the increase of beer antioxidant activity after addition of orange peels extract. (Ramli et al, 2020).…”

Section: Antioxidant Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citrus species: Modern functional food and nutraceutical-based product ingredient

2021

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“…is observation was found almost similar to the report [32], where the methanolic extract has an 8.4% recovery, while 7.9% ethanolic extract was obtained from pineapple peel of Maharashtra, India, through the Soxhlet method of extraction. Ramli et al (2020) showed a 20% recovery yield for the methanolic extract of Malaysian region pineapple peel by the maceration extraction technique [33]. A higher recovery rate (20%) was reported [34] for 98% ethanolic extract of pineapple peel from Nigeria region, where the extraction was done by air drying at room temperature for 72 h. is dissimilarity may be attributed to the different methods of extraction and drying.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Property of Polyphenol-Rich Chitosan-Pineapple Peel Film

Jatav

Tarafdar

Chakkaravarthi

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Quality

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This work aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities of pineapple peel extract-incorporated chitosan films to establish its utility as an active food packaging film. Total phenol and total flavonoids in ethanolic pineapple peel extract (11.1 ± 0.82 mg GAE/g sample, 3.86 ± 0.4 mg Quercetin/g sample) were determined to be higher than those in methanolic pineapple peel extract (7.98 ± 0.55 mg GAE/g sample, 2.37 ± 0.13 mg quercetin/g sample) and higher antioxidant activity was observed for pineapple peel ethanolic extract (PEE). Similarly, PEE-enriched chitosan film also reported greater antioxidant activity compared to pineapple peel methanolic extract (PME)-incorporated chitosan film. The total phenols, flavonoids, and significant antioxidant activity were accounted due to the contents of ferulic acids, quercetin, and kaempferol in both PEE and PME quantified via triple quadrupole LC/MS/MS system. These alcoholic extracts exhibited significant inhibitory zones against both Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium) food-borne bacterial strains. PME exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration (0.625 mg/ml) against B. cereus. Pure chitosan films at ≥7 log CFU/ml after 24 h showed lower log reduction for all the bacterial organisms, whereas the chitosan-PEE (at ≤5 logs CFU/ml) and chitosan-PME (at ≤6 log CFU/ml) films expressed higher log reduction for all the four bacterial isolates. Thus, this work led to the utilization of the pineapple peel waste as well as provided an alternative to nonbiodegradable packaging films.

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“…Essential oils are commonly found in Citrus spp. fruits and were reported to be a natural anti-oxidant [ 32 , 74 , 76 , 79 , 82 , 88 , 89 , 99 , 104 ]. The peel of ripe fruit C. aurantiifolia contained 0.266 % v/w of essential oils with R-(+)-limonene as the majority of bioactive compound with potential anti-oxidant and cytotoxic activity [ 74 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotany and diversity of Citrus spp. (Rutaceae) as a source of “Kem-kem” traditional medicine used among the Karo sub-ethnic in North Sumatra, Indonesia

Rahayu,

Kalima,

Martgrita

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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The Potential of Antioxidants and Phytochemicals Components in Fruit Waste (Peel) of Citrus hystrix and Ananas comosus

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Citrus species: Modern functional food and nutraceutical-based product ingredient

Citrus species: Modern functional food and nutraceutical-based product ingredient

Assessment of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Property of Polyphenol-Rich Chitosan-Pineapple Peel Film

Ethnobotany and diversity of Citrus spp. (Rutaceae) as a source of “Kem-kem” traditional medicine used among the Karo sub-ethnic in North Sumatra, Indonesia

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