The potential global gains in health and revenue from increased taxation of tobacco, alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages: a modelling analysis

Summan, Amit; Stacey, Nicholas; Birckmayer, Johanna; Blecher, Evan; Chaloupka, Frank J.; Laxminarayan, Ramanan

doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002143

Cited by 32 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…328 Modelling studies have estimated that, beyond health benefits, a 20% and 50% price increase in tobacco prices could generate over 50 years additional tax revenues of US$1987 billion (uncertainty interval: $1613 to $2297 billion) and $3625 billion (uncertainty interval: $2534 billion to $4599 billion), respectively, and in low-income countries an average of 0•17% additional revenue of gross domestic product each year in the 50% scenario. 329 Demonstration of the health and economic benefits for health investments could provide the necessary evidence to persuade governments to shift budget priorities in favour of health. Modelling estimates that budget reprioritisation could potentially increase funds allocated to health by 72%.…”

Section: Financingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lancet Commission on diagnostics: transforming access to diagnostics

et al. 2021

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1 47% of the global population has little to no access to diagnostics. 2 Diagnostics are central and fundamental to quality health care. This notion is underrecognised, leading to underfunding and inadequate resources at all levels. 3 The level of primary health care is the diagnostic so-called last mile and particularly affects poor, rural, and marginalised communities globally; appropriate access is essential for equity and social justice. 4 The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasised the crucial role of diagnostics in health care and that without access to diagnostics, delivery of universal health coverage, antimicrobial resistance mitigation, and pandemic preparedness cannot be achieved. 5 Innovations within the past 15 years in many areas (eg, in financing, technology, and workforce) can reduce the diagnostic gap, improve access, and democratise diagnostics to empower patients. 6 As an example of the potential impact, 1•1 million premature deaths in low-income and middle-income countries could be avoided annually by reducing the diagnostic gap for six priority conditions: diabetes, hypertension, HIV, and tuberculosis in the overall population, and hepatitis B virus infection and syphilis for pregnant women. 7 The economic case for such investment is strong. The median benefit-cost exceeds one for five of the six priority conditions in middle-income countries, and exceeds one for four of the six priority conditions in low-income countries, with a range of 1•4:1 to 24:1.Given the depth and breadth of the problems, sustained access to quality, affordable diagnostics will require multi-decade prioritisation, commitment, and investment.Incorporating diagnostics into universal health coverage packages will begin this process.

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Section: Financingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lancet Commission on diagnostics: transforming access to diagnostics

et al. 2021

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“…The WHO and the scientific community have recognized that excise taxes are an effective means of curbing the consumption of tobacco (and other significant health risks, such as alcohol) and expect that financial measures will provide an attractive complementary opportunity to improve population health by modifying risk factors without incurring additional costs. 43,44 There is still room for improvement in high blood pressure control and prevention in Japan. 45 Community and clinical efforts, such as early detection, lifestyle modification, and effective treatment of high blood pressure may reduce cardiovascular mortality and increase life expectancy, as has been the case in the last 20 years.…”

Section: More Public Health Efforts Are Needed To Address Critical Risk Factors For the Rising Burden Of Ncdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a third term of Health Japan 21 – implications from the rise in non-communicable disease burden and highly preventable risk factors

Nomura

Sakamoto

Ghaznavi

et al. 2022

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

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In 2000, the Japanese government launched the National Health Promotion Movement known as Health Japan 21 (HJ21), a 13-year national health promotion policy (2000−2012) aimed at preventing and controlling non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and their underlying risk factors. After the revision in 2013 (2013−2023), the target NCDs and risk factors are being reviewed and a new strategy for the third term of HJ21 is going to be discussed. Using the latest findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, this paper highlights NCDs that continue to increase health losses and preventable metabolic and behavioural risk factors. These NCDs and risk factors are associated with an increased risk of serious illness and death from the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The third term of HJ21 will be formulated during the continuing threat of acute health crises like the current COVID-19 pandemic and thus offers an important opportunity to renew public health efforts to halt the growing burden of NCDs in Japan. This article may serve as one of the roadmaps for the formulation of the third term of HJ21.

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“…To aid this process, lessons could be shared among countries in LA and others facing similar challenges [ 56 ]. For the greatest reduction of NCD prevalence, the Brazilian government should add other measures to fiscal policy tools including consumer education and subsidies for fruit and vegetables [ 57 , 58 ]. Brazil recently enacted new food labelling legislation (RDC 429 of 10/08/2020) to assist consumers to better understand the nutritional information on food labels, including that about sugars and sweeteners, as a step towards more informed food choices [ 59 ].…”

Section: Implementation Of New Ssb Taxes In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes in Brazil: past, present, and future

Bridge

Groisman

Bedi³

2022

J Public Health Pol

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Increasing rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dental caries) are positively associated with the consumption of added sugars, particularly in sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). Governments worldwide have implemented SSB taxes to reduce the consumption of sugars added to beverages to reduce the prevalence of NCDs. There is a tax on manufactured products, including SSBs in Brazil. However, in 2016 and 2018, the Brazilian federal government decreased the tax rate, bucking global trends. The SSB industry has criticised such policies, and current tax levels are too low to reduce consumption sufficiently to prevent harm. Research supports positive public health impact potential for a higher SSB tax in Brazil. Sharing experience among countries and complementary policies (nutrition education and front of pack labelling) could increase the positive impacts of an SSB tax. We describe the history of SSB taxes in Brazil and the rationale it provides for specific SSB taxes across the country.

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The potential global gains in health and revenue from increased taxation of tobacco, alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages: a modelling analysis

Cited by 32 publications

References 34 publications

The Lancet Commission on diagnostics: transforming access to diagnostics

The Lancet Commission on diagnostics: transforming access to diagnostics

Toward a third term of Health Japan 21 – implications from the rise in non-communicable disease burden and highly preventable risk factors

Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes in Brazil: past, present, and future

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