“…"Jettenia" and served as a trigger for the subsequent shift of the main anammox genus in the community. Shifts between different anammox bacteria have previously been reported, and the existence of genus-or species-specific niche differentiation and competition caused by differences in maximum specific growth rates, affinities to limiting substrates (ammonium and nitrite), susceptibility to various compounds, or VFA utilization has been suggested (Zhang et al, 2021). In the present study, the addition of formate clearly stimulated the growth of anammox bacteria of the genus Ca.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 71%
“…Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) such as formate, acetate, and propionate could serve as potential regulators of the activity of the anammox community. Anammox bacteria can directly assimilate VFAs (Feng et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2021) and improve their nitrogen metabolism by coupling anaerobic VFA oxidation with the process of dissimilatory nitrate reduction (DNRA). The nitrate reduction by anammox bacteria was shown to be coupled with the oxidation of formate, where nitrate was the electron acceptor and formate-the electron donor.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Regarding acetate supply, an increase in its concentration to 50 mg/l led to a slight increase in anammox activity, while at a further increase (from 50 to 100 mg/l), the anammox activity was inhibited . The VFA addition at certain concentrations could be beneficial for biotechnology as it promotes higher removal of nitrogen (including nitrate) and organic contaminants and the stabilization of the process (Kartal et al, 2007;Feng et al, 2019;Yin et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2021). The inhibitory effect of formate on undesirable nitrite-oxidizing bacteria was additionally found (Wang et al, 2020).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interspecies shifts between different anammox bacteria have been frequently observed in laboratory reactors [reviewed by Zhang and Okabe (2020)]. This suggested the existence of genus-or species-specific niche differentiation and competition between anammox bacteria caused by differences in maximum specific growth rates, affinities to limiting substrates (ammonium and nitrite), susceptibility to various compounds, or VFA utilization (Zhang et al, 2021). However, the data explaining the niche differentiation of anammox bacteria are often contradictory, and reasons for one anammox genera or species outcompeting another are still largely unknown (Ali et al, 2018;Zhang and Okabe, 2020).…”
The sensitivity of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria to environmental fluctuations is a frequent cause of reactor malfunctions. It was hypothesized that the addition of formate and folate would have a stimulating effect on anammox bacteria, which in turn would lead to the stability of the anammox process under conditions of a sharp increase in ammonium load, i.e., it helps overcome a stress factor. The effect of formate and folate was investigated using a setup consisting of three parallel sequencing batch reactors equipped with a carrier. Two runs of the reactors were performed. The composition of the microbial community was studied by the 16S rRNA gene profiling and metagenomic analysis. Among anammox bacteria, Ca. “Brocadia” spp. dominated during the first run. A stimulatory effect of folate on the daily nitrogen removal rate (dN) was identified. The addition of formate led to progress in dissimilatory nitrate reduction and stimulated the growth of Ca. “Jettenia” spp. The spatial separation of two anammox species was observed in the formate reactor: Ca. “Brocadia” occupied the carrier and Ca. “Jettenia”—the walls of the reactors. Biomass storage at low temperature without feeding led to an interspecies shift in anammox bacteria in favor of Ca. “Jettenia.” During the second run, a domination of Ca. “Jettenia” spp. was recorded along with a stimulating effect of formate, and there was no effect of folate on dN. A comparative genome analysis revealed the patterns suggesting different strategies used by Ca. “Brocadia” and Ca. “Jettenia” spp. to cope with environmental changes.
“…"Jettenia" and served as a trigger for the subsequent shift of the main anammox genus in the community. Shifts between different anammox bacteria have previously been reported, and the existence of genus-or species-specific niche differentiation and competition caused by differences in maximum specific growth rates, affinities to limiting substrates (ammonium and nitrite), susceptibility to various compounds, or VFA utilization has been suggested (Zhang et al, 2021). In the present study, the addition of formate clearly stimulated the growth of anammox bacteria of the genus Ca.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 71%
“…Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) such as formate, acetate, and propionate could serve as potential regulators of the activity of the anammox community. Anammox bacteria can directly assimilate VFAs (Feng et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2021) and improve their nitrogen metabolism by coupling anaerobic VFA oxidation with the process of dissimilatory nitrate reduction (DNRA). The nitrate reduction by anammox bacteria was shown to be coupled with the oxidation of formate, where nitrate was the electron acceptor and formate-the electron donor.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Regarding acetate supply, an increase in its concentration to 50 mg/l led to a slight increase in anammox activity, while at a further increase (from 50 to 100 mg/l), the anammox activity was inhibited . The VFA addition at certain concentrations could be beneficial for biotechnology as it promotes higher removal of nitrogen (including nitrate) and organic contaminants and the stabilization of the process (Kartal et al, 2007;Feng et al, 2019;Yin et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2021). The inhibitory effect of formate on undesirable nitrite-oxidizing bacteria was additionally found (Wang et al, 2020).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interspecies shifts between different anammox bacteria have been frequently observed in laboratory reactors [reviewed by Zhang and Okabe (2020)]. This suggested the existence of genus-or species-specific niche differentiation and competition between anammox bacteria caused by differences in maximum specific growth rates, affinities to limiting substrates (ammonium and nitrite), susceptibility to various compounds, or VFA utilization (Zhang et al, 2021). However, the data explaining the niche differentiation of anammox bacteria are often contradictory, and reasons for one anammox genera or species outcompeting another are still largely unknown (Ali et al, 2018;Zhang and Okabe, 2020).…”
The sensitivity of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria to environmental fluctuations is a frequent cause of reactor malfunctions. It was hypothesized that the addition of formate and folate would have a stimulating effect on anammox bacteria, which in turn would lead to the stability of the anammox process under conditions of a sharp increase in ammonium load, i.e., it helps overcome a stress factor. The effect of formate and folate was investigated using a setup consisting of three parallel sequencing batch reactors equipped with a carrier. Two runs of the reactors were performed. The composition of the microbial community was studied by the 16S rRNA gene profiling and metagenomic analysis. Among anammox bacteria, Ca. “Brocadia” spp. dominated during the first run. A stimulatory effect of folate on the daily nitrogen removal rate (dN) was identified. The addition of formate led to progress in dissimilatory nitrate reduction and stimulated the growth of Ca. “Jettenia” spp. The spatial separation of two anammox species was observed in the formate reactor: Ca. “Brocadia” occupied the carrier and Ca. “Jettenia”—the walls of the reactors. Biomass storage at low temperature without feeding led to an interspecies shift in anammox bacteria in favor of Ca. “Jettenia.” During the second run, a domination of Ca. “Jettenia” spp. was recorded along with a stimulating effect of formate, and there was no effect of folate on dN. A comparative genome analysis revealed the patterns suggesting different strategies used by Ca. “Brocadia” and Ca. “Jettenia” spp. to cope with environmental changes.
“…This study observed the essential genes encoding critical enzymes for acetate metabolism. The DNA‐SIP revealed that Candidatus Brocadia sinica contained many functional genes encoding acetate‐metabolizing enzymes, whereas Candidatus Jettenia caeni contributes predominantly to the utilization of organic carbon (Zhang, Zhang, et al, 2021).…”
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has attracted significant attention as an economic, robustness, and sustainable method for the treatment of nitrogen (N)-rich wastewater. Anammox bacteria (AnAOB) coexist with other microorganisms, and particularly with ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and/or heterotrophic bacteria (HB), in symbiosis in favor of the
Toxic contaminants from intense industrial operations are entering wetlands, harming human health and biodiversity. Macrophytes serve as principal producers in aquatic environments including natural wetlands, providing shelter, food, and, most crucially, intricate relationships with the surrounding microbial assemblage for support and microorganisms attachment. Wetlands have been nature's kidneys, for filtering water. Recent research has examined macrophytes' phytoremediation abilities. With recent improvements focused on engineered wetland technology, microbiological characterization, and genetic engineering, phytoremediation strategies have also benefited. However, little research has examined the role surrounding microbial population play on macrophyte efficiency in pollutant degradation, the extent and even mechanisms of these interactions, and their potential utility in wastewater treatment of diverse industrial effluents. Our bid for greener solutions implies that macrophyte-microorganisms’ interspecific interactions for in situ treatment of effluents should be optimised to remove contaminants before discharge in natural waterbodies or for recycle water usage. This review provides for the varied types of plants and microbial interspecific interactions beneficial to effective phytoremediation processes in artificial wetland design as well as considerations and modifications in constructed wetland designs necessary to improve the bioremediation processes. Additionally, the review discusses the latest advancements in genetic engineering techniques that can enhance the effectiveness of phyto-assisted wastewater treatment. We will also explore the potential utilisation of invasive species for their demonstrated ability to remove pollutants in the controlled setting of constructed wetlands.
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