The potential accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in phytoplankton and bivalves in Can Gio coastal wetland, Vietnam

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the most important classes of anthropogenic persistent organic contaminants in the marine environment. This review discusses a whole range of findings that address various aspects of the bioaccumulation of PAHs in two common marine biota (phytoplankton and bivalves) globally and especially for Can Gio coastal wetland, Vietnam. The published information and collected data on the bioconcentration and accumulation mechanisms of PAHs as well as implications for Can Gio coastal wetland are compiled for phytoplankton and bivalves. PAHs are still released to Can Gio coastal environments from various sources and then transported to coastal environments through various physical processes; they may enter marine food chains and be highly accumulated in phytoplankton and bivalves. Thus, PAHs' bioaccumulation should be considered as one important criterion to assess the water's quality, directly linked to human health due to seafood consumption. Ecologically, Can Gio coastal wetland plays an important role to the South Vietnam key economic zone. However, it is also an area of potential PAHs inputs. With the abundant phytoplankton and bivalves in Can Gio coastal wetland, the PAHs bioaccumulation in these biota is inevitably detected. Thus, further study on the bioavailability of these contaminants is urgently needed in order to mitigate their negative effects and protect the ecosystems.

Relationship between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments and Invertebrates of Natural and Artificial Stormwater Retention Ponds

“…Nevertheless, the levels of PAH in the biota of the studied water bodies were generally some orders of magnitude higher than Heintzman et al [51] found for adult odonates from an urban area in the USA, substantially higher than Yoon et al [52] found for fish and invertebrates in a tidal zone of the Arabian Gulf affected by urban activities and an order of magnitude higher than Viñas et al [53] found for wild mussels in an estuary of Spain. However, the PAH levels were quite similar to what was found for benthic invertebrates in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard [54], and also to what Thuy et al [55] reported as common for various bivalves in the ocean. The concentrations in the invertebrates of the present study were furthermore quite below potential bioaccumulation levels reported for high-exposure scenarios for arctic and temperate marine invertebrates reported by Szczybelski et al [56].…”

“…However, the concentrations were still one to two orders of magnitudes below what was reported for the most polluted natural lakes. At the same time, PAH levels in the invertebrates were in the upper range of what has been reported for other aquatic environments [55]; however, they seemed not to exceed EQS values. All in all, the obtained data on PAH in sediments and biota indicate this pollutant would not cause a deterioration of the aquatic habitats in SWRPs.…”

The Depuration Effect on Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbons Contamination Levels in Donax trunculus and Its Influence on The Expression of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes

“…Upon reaching the D. trunculus tissues, several factors control the accumulation of contaminants, e.g., their development in regard to primary food productivity, the trophic capacity of the environment, or lipid content. (Thuy et al, 2018). Lovejoy (1999) and Anandraj et al, (2002) stated that molluscs have a depuration role in their body to decrease heavy metal toxicity, declining the efficiency of molluscs as biomonitoring organisms.…”

Analysis and Evaluation of Contamination Status of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Settled House and Road Dust Samples from Hanoi

“…Tại Việt Nam, các nghiên cứu về sự ô nhiễm của PAHs đã được thực hiện từ những năm cuối 1990. Các PAHs đã được phát hiện trong nhiều thành phần môi trường khác nhau như không khí [6][7][8][9], đất và trầm tích [6,10,11], bụi lắng [12][13][14][15] và sinh vật [16]. Các nghiên cứu này cũng chỉ ra rằng, sự ô nhiễm PAHs trong môi trường ở nước ta có liên quan chặt chẽ đến quá trình đô thị hóa, công nghiệp hóa và hoạt động giao thông.…”