The postoperative concentration of bile salts in human bile

Greene, Charles S.; Carter, R.Franklin; Hotz, Richard; Twiss, John Russell

doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(40)90647-x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A study at the Mayo Clinic (G reen and Geraci, 1965) reported that after 1.0 gm nafcillin was injected intramuscularly, the drug appeared in the bile later than in the blood, increased more slowly, and reached much higher concentrations. Peak biliary levels were 19 to 60 times as high as peak serum levels.…”

Section: Biliary Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prognostic Significance of Penicillin Serum Levels and Protein Binding in Clinical Medicine. A Review of Current Studies

Warren¹

1965

Chemotherapy

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Section: Biliary Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prognostic Significance of Penicillin Serum Levels and Protein Binding in Clinical Medicine. A Review of Current Studies

Warren¹

1965

Chemotherapy

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“…Due to its efficacy against penicillinase-producing staphylococci, nafcillin is often considered the drug of choice for treatment of infections caused by these microorganisms (5). Because a large fraction of an administered dose is cleared by hepatic excretion (4), it is often chosen from among other semisynthetic penicillins for the treatment of staphylococcal infections in patients on chronic hemodialysis. However, there are very sparse data concerning the pharmacokinetics of nafcillin in these patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of Nafcillin in Patients with Renal Failure

Díaz

Kane

Parker

et al. 1977

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Nafcillin, a pencillinase-resistant penicillin, is frequently used for treatment of staphylococcal infections in hemodialysis patients. Despite its widespread use, there is a paucity of available data regarding the pharmacokinetics of nafcillin in hemodialysis patients. Therefore, sodium nafcillin, 25 mg/kg, was given intravenously over a 5- to 15-min period to 12 hemodialysis patients. Eleven patients were studied during dialysis, and eight of these were studied again during the interdialysis period. The initial serum half-life for nafcillin was 0.208 h during dialyses and 0.278 h between dialyses. The terminal half-life was 1.48 h during dialyses and 1.89 h between dialyses. There was no statistically significant difference between these values. These data indicate that renal failure does not appreciably affect the serum half-life of nafcillin, and hemodialysis does not accelerate the rate of clearance of nafcillin from the blood. Therefore, no modification of the usual nafcillin dosage is necessary when using this drug in hemodialysis patients.

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“…Nafcillin appears to pass particularly efficiently into the bile and the maximum levels are 40-400 times those in serum. Green and Gerasi [24] found that peak levels in T tube bile were 173-1,030 Ìg/ml 2 h after an intramuscular dose of 1 g. A concentration of 1.8-20.5 Ìg/ml was still detectable 24 h later. In a patient with nonobstructive biliary tract diseases levels of nafcillin in bile, gallbladder and liver were approximately 180, 18 and 3 Ìg/ml, respectively, while serum levels were 1.6 Ìg/ ml [25].…”

Section: Nafcillinmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biliary Excretion of Antimicrobial Drugs

Karachalios

Charalabopoulos²

2002

Chemotherapy

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The development of drugs able to prevent and cure bacterial infections is one of the 20th century’s major contributions to human longevity and quality of life. Antibacterial agents are among the most commonly prescribed drugs of any kind worldwide. Used appropriately, these drugs are lifesaving. To eliminate an infection as rapidly as possible, a sufficient concentration of the drug(s) chosen must reach the site of infection. Serum/tissue concentration is a result of various parameters such as absorption, excretion, protein binding and metabolic inactivation. Biliary excretion is an important route for the elimination of some drugs and drug metabolites in humans. Thus, drugs with a high bile concentration are indicated for the treatment of gallbladder infectious diseases. We present a review of a large number of antimicrobial agents most commonly used in daily clinical practice, with regard to their biliary excretion.

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The postoperative concentration of bile salts in human bile

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

The Prognostic Significance of Penicillin Serum Levels and Protein Binding in Clinical Medicine. A Review of Current Studies

The Prognostic Significance of Penicillin Serum Levels and Protein Binding in Clinical Medicine. A Review of Current Studies

Pharmacokinetics of Nafcillin in Patients with Renal Failure

Biliary Excretion of Antimicrobial Drugs

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