The Post-Traumatic Convulsive and Allied States.

Elvidge, A. R.

doi:10.1037/11479-011

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…In missile head wounds, on the other hand, the identity of 'early' and 'late' fits has not been similarly established. Thus 'early epilepsy' has been variously accepted as epilepsy occurring within 12 to 24 hours of wounding (Elvidge, 1939), within the first few days after injury (Wagstaffe, 1928;Symonds, 1935) or within the first week (Ascroft, 1941). Hence Whitty (1947) admitted that the phrase 'early attacks' needed definition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epilepsy after missile wounds of the head

Adeloye

1971

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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SUMMARY Two hundred and thirty-seven Nigerians with missile head injury were treated at the University College Hospital (UCH) lbadan, between July 1964 and January 1970. Among the 165 of these patients who have been followed up for over a year, the incidence of epilepsy has been 11-4 %, 18-75%, and 333 % in a follow-up period ranging between one to two years, two to three years, and three to five years respectively.Wounds in the parietal region, especially those at the vertex, were followed by epilepsy more frequently than injuries elsewhere on the head. Of these wounds, tangential skull injuries and through-and-through brain injuries were more epileptogenic than others.Fits which occurred within a fortnight of wounding have been designated as 'early' fits, and they appeared to differ in their aetiology from 'late' fits.The phenomenon of epilepsy occurring after injuries to the head must have been observed in the prehistoric era when man first clubbed man, but the earliest documented reference to the problem of post-traumatic epilepsy is credited by common consent to Hippocrates. He recorded right-sided convulsive seizures which followed injury to the left cerebral hemisphere, a contribution which kindled interest in the surgical aspects of traumatic epilepsy on which a vast amount of literature had accumulated by the middle of the sixteenth century (Davis, 1953). In later years, the wars in America, Europe, and Korea provided material for the study of epilepsy after missile wounds of the head. The type of injuries studied, the period after wounding selected for these studies, and the duration of observation varied from series to series so that the frequency of post-traumatic epilepsy in missile head wounds had been variously estimated by different observers. It was recorded at 137 % during the American Civil War and at 4-3 % during the FrancoPrussian war (Turner, 1923). Among the British soldiers with missile wounds of the head during the first world war, Sargent (1921) reported an incidence of 4-5%, Rawling (1922) 25%, Wagstaffe (1928) 9-8%, Stevenson (1931) 1-5%, Ascroft (1941) 34%, Denny-Brown (1942) 8A4%;and Credner (1930) documented an incidence of 38% among Germans with war head injuries. In a five-year follow-up of 820 brain-wounded patients from the second world war, Russell and Whitty (1952)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epilepsy after missile wounds of the head

Adeloye

1971

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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“…An early posttraumatic seizure was originally described as any seizure occurring during the “usual convalescent period,” or while the person was suffering from the direct effects of the traumatic brain injury. 23 Currently, it is common to confine early posttraumatic seizures to those occurring within the first 7 days after injury and late posttraumatic seizures to those occurring after this time point.…”

Section: Posttraumatic Seizure Subclassification Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall published incidence of early posttraumatic seizure in children ranges from 1.6% to 42.5% (Table 1). 5,7,21,23 –25,28,30 –39,42,45 –55 In terms of subtypes, impact posttraumatic seizures may be more common in children than adults, but precise studies of incidence or risk factor analysis are lacking. Only 3 retrospective studies have focused solely on pediatric immediate posttraumatic seizures, 56 –58 and 2 of these only studied children with mild traumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale score 13-15).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of and Risk Factors For Early Posttraumatic Seimentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Posttraumatic Seizures in the Pediatric Population

2015

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Early posttraumatic seizure is a paramount clinical issue in pediatric traumatic brain injury patients as it is a common occurrence, yet an understudied entity at present. Recent literature recognizes several posttraumatic seizure subtypes based on time of presentation and the underlying pathophysiology: impact, immediate, delayed early, and late/posttraumatic epilepsy. Appropriate classification of pediatric posttraumatic seizure subtypes can be helpful for appropriate management and prognosis. This review will focus on early posttraumatic seizures, and the subtypes of early posttraumatic seizure. Incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, seizure semiology, status epilepticus, management, risk of recurrence, and prognosis were reviewed. The integration of continuous electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring into pediatric traumatic brain injury management may hold the key to better characterizing and understanding pediatric early posttraumatic seizures. Topics for future research pertaining to pediatric early posttraumatic seizure are identified.

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“…2,3,5 In the population studied by Jennet, early (within 7 days of injury) post-traumatic seizures increased the risk of late (beyond 7 days) post-traumatic epilepsy, 1 and a classification that separates early and late post-traumatic seizures persists to this day. [28][29][30][31] A subdivision of the early post-traumatic seizure category to include an "immediate" classification, as first suggested by Elvidge, 28,32 has been complicated by the existence of two different definitions: (a) a seizure occurring within 24 hours of injury, 28,30,31 or (b) a seizure occurring immediately after impact. 29 This discrepancy is a source of ongoing diagnostic confusion, and only the second definition-known as a concussive convulsion-describes an entity distinct from other early post-traumatic seizures.…”

Section: Accuracy Of Diagnosis Of Epilepsy and Classification Of Seizmentioning

confidence: 99%