The Possible Role of Bicarbonate in Mucosal Protection and Peptic Ulceration

Vadgama, P.; Alberti, K. G. M. M.

doi:10.1159/000198954

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(17 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, the prostaglandin would inhibit the movement of acid and pepsin into the mucus layer. To prevent the diffusion of hydrogen ions into the gastric mucosa, bicarbonate is required to regulate mucus pH to an optimized acidity of the stomach that served as barrier for acid component [47]. A study in humans showed that acute alcohol ingestion at concentration of 12.5% has reduced the PGE 2 production in gastric juice [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastroprotective Effect of Ethanolic Extract ofCurcuma xanthorrhizaLeaf against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Lesions inSprague-DawleyRats

Rahim

Hassandarvish

Golbabapour

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Herbal medicines appeared promising in prevention of many diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the gastroprotective effect of Curcuma xanthorrhiza leaf in the rats induced gastric ulcer by ethanol. Normal and ulcer control received carboxymethycellulose (5 mL/kg) orally, positive control was administered with 20 mg/kg omeprazole (reference drug) and 2 groups were received 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of the leaf extract, respectively. To induce of gastric ulcers formation, ethanol (5 mL/kg) was given orally to all groups except normal control. Gross ulcer areas, histology, and amount of prostaglandin E2, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were assessed to determine the potentiality of extract in prevention against gastric ulcers. Oral administration of extract showed significant gastric protection effect as the ulcer areas was remarkably decreased. Histology observation showed less edema and leucocytes infiltration as compared with the ulcer control which exhibited severe gastric mucosa injury. Furthermore, the leaf extract elevated the mucus weight, level of prostaglandin E2 and superoxide dismutase. The extract also reduced malondialdehyde amount significantly. Results showed leaf extract of Curcuma xanthorrhiza can enhanced the gastric protection and sustained the integrity of gastric mucosa structure. Acute toxicity test did not showed any sign of toxicity (2 g/kg and 5 g/kg).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastroprotective Effect of Ethanolic Extract ofCurcuma xanthorrhizaLeaf against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Lesions inSprague-DawleyRats

Rahim

Hassandarvish

Golbabapour

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The gastroduodenal mucosa’s surface epithelial cells are shielded from acid-induced harm through a protective layer of mucus and bicarbonate. The mucus acts as an effective hindrance to the diffusion of hydrogen ions [ 12 ]. Bicarbonate is produced by the gastric and duodenal mucosal cells and regulates the pH of the mucus, ensuring an optimal range for enhancing its barrier properties and acting as an important mucosal defense mechanism [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Spectrophotometric Assays for the Measurement of Ammonia and Bicarbonate in Saliva of Horses: Analytical Validation and Changes in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS)

Muñoz-Prieto,

Llamas-Amor,

Contreras-Aguilar

et al. 2024

Metabolites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ammonia (NH3) and bicarbonate (HCO3) have been related to gastric ulcers in humans. Ammonia is considered a possible cause of gastric ulcers, whereas bicarbonate has a protective function. The presence of ulcers in the stomach of horses is defined as Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS), which is a frequent disease in this species, and it has been associated with changes in saliva composition, such as in analytes related to inflammation, immune system and oxidative stress. The objectives of this study were (1) to perform an analytical validation of two automated spectrophotometric assays, one for ammonia and one for bicarbonate, in the horses’ saliva and (2) to evaluate their possible variations with EGUS. Analytical validation of the automated assays for ammonia and bicarbonate in the saliva of horses showed that both assays were precise and accurate. In addition, significantly higher values of ammonia and lower values of bicarbonate were found in the saliva of horses with EGUS compared to healthy horses. It can be concluded that ammonia and bicarbonate can be measured in the saliva of horses and that ammonia increases and bicarbonate decreases in this sample type could be related to the presence of EGUS in this species.

show abstract

“…4a, b) which show D hci to increase in the vicinity of HCO3 and NH3 pKa. The general effect of a diffusible buffer in solution, such as HCO3, is established as a mechanism for aug menting proton transfer by means of a buffer shuttle, when a pH gradient exists [28], The basic principles of such facilitated proton transfer have been described pre viously [27][28][29], These predict that buffer systems operate in a concentration-dependent manner and also to have maximal effect at a pH close to the pKa of the buffer. The close pKa values for NH3 and HCO3 have a general addi tive effect from pH 6-9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remarkably, it appears that H+ diffusion through water films show a parallel pH dependence, with a minimum at ~p H 7. giving an effective Du-at pH 7, only ~ 10% of Du-at pH 1 [26], the Du -for mucus at pH 7 being reduced even further down to 2%. During these studies, we con firmed enhanced proton fluxes due to H+ transport me diated by diffusible buffers [27,28], particularly when buffer pH was ~p K a [29].…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

Enhanced H+ Diffusion by NH4+/HCO3-: Implications for Helicobacter-pylori-Associated Peptic Ulceration

Desai

Vadgama²

1993

Digestion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The in vitro effect of ammonium bicarbonate buffer on mucus H⁺ permeability is reported here. The diffusional resistance of mucus and water was demonstrated to be dependent on buffer concentration, and the contrast between the two types of layers was most pronounced for low buffer concentration near neutrality. Moreover, the pK_a values of HCO₃^- and NH₃ had a profound effect on measured D_HCl These in vitro studies suggest that a potentially damaging high local concentration of NH₃ and HCO₃^- within the mucus layer generated by the action of Helicobαcter pylori urease on endogenous intragastric urea could greatly accelerate proton flux to the surface epithelium by operation of a buffer shuttle. This results in enhanced H⁺ permeability, particularly at pK_a values of HCO^-₃ and NH₃, and that in extreme circumstances this may result in gastric ulcer formation.

show abstract

The Possible Role of Bicarbonate in Mucosal Protection and Peptic Ulceration

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Gastroprotective Effect of Ethanolic Extract ofCurcuma xanthorrhizaLeaf against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Lesions inSprague-DawleyRats

Gastroprotective Effect of Ethanolic Extract ofCurcuma xanthorrhizaLeaf against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Lesions inSprague-DawleyRats

Automated Spectrophotometric Assays for the Measurement of Ammonia and Bicarbonate in Saliva of Horses: Analytical Validation and Changes in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS)

Enhanced H<sup>+</sup> Diffusion by NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>: Implications for <i>Helicobacter</i>-<i>pylori</i>-Associated Peptic Ulceration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About