The possible role of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the motor activity of embryos of some marine gastropods

Koshtoyants, Kh.S.; Buznikov, G. A.; Manukhin, B. N.

doi:10.1016/0010-406x(61)90189-x

Cited by 55 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In these young animals exogenous serotonin increases ciliary activity during early embryonic stages, then sensitivity to 5-HT decreases to an intermediate level. Eventually, ciliary beating alternates with long pauses and contraction of the velar lobes (Koshtoyants et al, 1961). Results from these studies suggest that 5-HT is an endogenous factor partially responsible for controlling the characteristic ciliary beating that occurs during embryonic development in many gastropods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…5-HT plays numerous roles in molluscan nervous systems (Walker, 1986) and major groups of serotonergic neurons have been identified in several gastropod taxa (Koshtoyants et al, 1961;Walker 1986;Jahan-Parwar et al, 1987;Goldberg and Kater, 1989;Diefenbach and Goldberg, 1990;McPherson and Blankenship, 1991;Fitzgerald and Carew, 1991). For example, 5-HT regulates neurite extension and growth-cone motility in the freshwater snail Helisoma trivolvis (Price and Goldberg, 1993); stimulates motor neurons in Aplysia california (Ram et al, 1991); plays an important role in molluscan peripheral tissues, especially the heart (Walker, 1986); and heightens motor activity in embryonic gastropods in a developmentally sensitive manner (Koshtoyants et al, 1961;Diefenbach et al, 1991). In these young animals exogenous serotonin increases ciliary activity during early embryonic stages, then sensitivity to 5-HT decreases to an intermediate level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the velar ciliated cells are separated from the central nervous system (CNS), coordinated ciliary arrests are abolished and the cilia show continuous metachronal beating (Mackie et al, 1976). Studies by Koshtoyants et al (1961) revealed the cilio-excitatory role of 5-HT, but electrophysiological studies have shown that spikes generated by electrical stimulation of the velar cells elicit ciliary arrests (Mackie et al, 1976;Arkett, 1988), indicating that 5-HT is not responsible for cessation of ciliary beating. Serotonin is thus unlikely to be the neurotransmitter at neurociliary junctions but may act at extrasynaptic receptors (Mackie et al, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also regulates ciliary beating in larval and adult stages of several molluscan species (Gosselin, 1961;Diefenbach and Goldberg, 1990;Diefenbach et al, 1991;Goldberg et al, 1994). Both freshwater and marine molluscs develop serotonergic neurons as embryos and maintain populations of these neurons throughout their lives (Goldberg and Kater, 1989;Koshtoyants et al, 1961;Diefenbach and Goldberg, 1990;Satterlie and Norekian, 1995), although, as discussed below, populations of serotonergic neurons are not necessarily static (Barlow and Truman, 1992). Serotonin appears to be an endogenous factor that stimulates ciliary beating in nudibranch veligers (Koshtoyants et al, 1961;Coon et al, 1990;Barlow, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both freshwater and marine molluscs develop serotonergic neurons as embryos and maintain populations of these neurons throughout their lives (Goldberg and Kater, 1989;Koshtoyants et al, 1961;Diefenbach and Goldberg, 1990;Satterlie and Norekian, 1995), although, as discussed below, populations of serotonergic neurons are not necessarily static (Barlow and Truman, 1992). Serotonin appears to be an endogenous factor that stimulates ciliary beating in nudibranch veligers (Koshtoyants et al, 1961;Coon et al, 1990;Barlow, 1990). Serotonergic neurons in the CNS innervate the velum I-the swimming and feeding organ-and the foot of the nudibranch Berghia verrucicornis (Kempf et al, 1991) and of Ilyanassa larvae (S. C. Kempf, Auburn Univ., pers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serotonin Injections Induce Metamorphosis in Larvae of the Gastropod Mollusc Ilyanassa obsoleta

Couper

Leise

1996

The Biological Bulletin

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Abstract:Bath-applied serotonin (5-HT) induces competent larvae of the marine snail Ilyanassa obsoleta to metamorphose. Previously, the mode of action of 5-HT, whether as an external ligand or as an internal neurotransmitter, was unknown. Larvae were injected with 10 -4 M 5-HT and other pharmacological agents to provide evidence that serotonergic neurons are necessary for metamorphosis in Ilyanassa larvae and that serotonin functions as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator during this process. About 50% of 5-HT-injected animals metamorphose within 48 hours. Fluoxetine, a 5-HT re-uptake inhibitor, and alpha-methy1-5-hydroxytryptamine (αm5HT), a 5-HT agonist, were also effective inducers of metamorphosis. Gramine (3-[dimethyl-aminomethyl]indole), a 5-HT antagonist, inhibited the inductive activity of 5-HT, while the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) resulted in rates of morphological restructuring similar to those of controls. Collectively, the results of our experiments support the idea that serotonergic neurons are active during larval metamorphosis of Ilyanassa and that 5-HT does not induce metamorphosis by binding to epidermal chemoreceptors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Serotonin Injections Induce Metamorphosis in Larvae of the Gastropod Mollusc Ilyanassa obsoleta

Couper

Leise

1996

The Biological Bulletin

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Serotonin-immunoreactivity in peripheral tissues of the opisthobranch molluscsPleurobranchaea californicaandTritonia diomedea

et al. 1997

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The distribution of serotonin (5-HT)-immunoreactive elements in peripheral organs of the sea-slugs Pleurobranchaea californica and Tritonia diomedea was studied in cryostat sections. For Pleurobranchaea, 5-HT-immunoreactive (5-HT-IR) neuron cell bodies were found only in the central nervous system (CNS); 5-HT-IR cell bodies were not observed in foot, tentacles, rhinophores, oral veil, mouth, buccal mass, esophagus, gills, salivary glands, skin, reproductive system, and acidic glands, nor in peripheral tentacle and rhinophore ganglia. However, 5-HT-IR neuronal processes were widely distributed in these structures and the patterns of 5-HT-IR elements were characteristic for each particular peripheral tissue. 5-HT-IR elements were most dense in the sole of the foot and the reproductive system, followed by rhinophores, tentacles, oral veil, mouth, buccal mass, and esophagus. The sensory epithelium of rhinophores, tentacles, and mouth showed a highly structured glomerular organization of 5-HT-IR fibers, suggesting a role for 5-HT in sensory signaling. A much lower density of 5-HT-IR innervation was observed in gills, skin, salivary, and acidic glands. 5-HT-IR was observed in neuropil of tentacle and rhinophore ganglia with many transverse 5-HT-IR axons running to peripheral sensory areas. The distribution of 5-HT-IR elements in Tritonia was similar to that of Pleurobranchaea. A significant suggestion of the data is that central serotonergic neurons may modulate afferent pathways from sensory epithelia at the periphery.

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Projection patterns and target tissues of the serotonergic cells in larvalAplysia californica

Marois

Carew

1997

J. Comp. Neurol.

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Although the functions of serotonin in adult Aplysia have been the focus of numerous investigations, our understanding of the roles played by this neurotransmitter during development is very incomplete. In the previous study (Marois and Carew [1997a] J. Comp. Neurol. 386:477-490), we showed that identified serotonergic cells are present very early during the ontogeny of Aplysia. In order to gain insight into the possible functions that these serotonergic cells may exert, we have used immuno-electron microscopy in this study to examine the projection patterns and target tissues of the serotonergic cells during the larval development of Aplysia. The results indicate that the larval serotonergic cells have numerous and precise connections to non-neuronal and neuronal target tissues: Serotonergic cells innervate the ciliated cells of the velum, numerous muscle systems, possibly visceral organs, and several cells in the central nervous system. Repeated observations of one serotonergic contact onto an undifferentiated neuron in the abdominal ganglion over a short developmental time span suggest that the serotonergic input may trigger axonogenesis in the postsynaptic cell. Apart from this possibility, we suggest that the innervation patterns of the larval serotonergic cells essentially fulfill the same primary function attributed to the adult serotonergic cells, that of modulating ongoing physiological and behavioral activity.

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The possible role of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the motor activity of embryos of some marine gastropods

Cited by 55 publications

References 16 publications

Serotonin Injections Induce Metamorphosis in Larvae of the Gastropod Mollusc Ilyanassa obsoleta

Serotonin Injections Induce Metamorphosis in Larvae of the Gastropod Mollusc Ilyanassa obsoleta

Serotonin-immunoreactivity in peripheral tissues of the opisthobranch molluscsPleurobranchaea californicaandTritonia diomedea

Projection patterns and target tissues of the serotonergic cells in larvalAplysia californica

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