The Possible Effect of Cement Dust on Plants

Peirce, George J.

doi:10.1126/science.30.775.652

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The results also depend on the history (Scotti 1994, Aamlid and Horntvedt 2002, Madoz-Escande et al 2004) and surface structure (Romney et al 1963; e.g., pubescence) of the leaf. The possibility of particles forming crusts on the leaf surface, which has been described for both fine particles and coarse particles like cement, typically reduces the washing efficiency (Peirce 1909, Burkhardt et al 1999). Some of the particles are absorbed by the leaf surface, or may become incorporated into the hydrophobic wax layer of the foliage (Simmleit et al 1989, Lin and Schuepp 1996, Kozlov et al 2000, Oliva and Raitio 2003, Oliva and Valdes 2004.…”

Section: Particles On the Leaf Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Hygroscopic particles on leaves: nutrients or desiccants?

Burkhardt

2010

Ecological Monographs

208

165

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Aerosols have always been part of the atmosphere, and plant surfaces are a major aerosol sink. Given the nutrient content of aerosols and the natural stability of aerosol concentrations over evolutionary time, plants may have developed adaptations to aerosol input. Although little is known about such adaptations, leaf surface micro‐roughness appears to play a key role. This review focuses on the deposition and fate of fine aerosols that are less than 2.5 μm in diameter. Most of these aerosols are hygroscopic, and they are often deliquescent (liquid) on transpiring leaves. Such concentrated solutions may be taken up by both the cuticle and stomata, contradicting previous concepts. The establishment of a continuous liquid water connection along stomatal walls affects individual stomata and is a new concept called “hydraulic activation of stomata” (HAS). HAS enables the efficient bidirectional transport of water and solutes between the leaf interior and leaf surface and makes stomatal transpiration partly independent of stomatal aperture. The response of plants to changes in humidity can be explained by the split transpiration in an HAS pore and its interaction with neighboring stomata, i.e., as an emergent property of a stomatal patch. Normally, HAS affects only a few stomata, but if too many are activated by excessive particle accumulation or additional surfactants, hygroscopic particles may work as “desiccants,” reducing the drought tolerance of plants. This is made use of when hygroscopic salts and acids are sprayed to kill potato vine, but may cause problems in foliar fertilization. Excessive particle accumulation may also be caused by air pollution. It is hypothesized that deliquescent hygroscopic particles, due to their amorphous appearance, may have been misinterpreted as “degraded waxes.” Degraded waxes have been highly correlated to leaf loss, decreased drought tolerance, and decreased frost tolerance of trees. No sound explanation for degraded waxes has been found, and they have been interpreted as symptoms of forest decline. Because hygroscopic particles may affect the drought tolerance of trees, they could be drivers of regional tree die‐off and especially affect those trees that have adapted to capture aerosols. Several research questions are identified.

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Section: Particles On the Leaf Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Hygroscopic particles on leaves: nutrients or desiccants?

Burkhardt

2010

Ecological Monographs

208

165

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“…The chloroplast damaged by incorporation of cement dust on leaf caused reduction in chlorophyll concentration in the plants which are near the industry was also reported by Czaja, 1962;Lerman, 1972;Singh and Rao, 1978. The shading effect of such layer could lead to suppression of chlorophyll a synthesis (Peirce, 1910;Czaja, 1962;Bohne, 1963). The similar results were observed in maize crop (Pandey et al 1999) and gram leaves (Pandey and Sinba 1989).…”

Section: Dry Biomass Of Triticum Sp Shootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Cement Industry Pollution on Morphological Attributes of Wheat (Triticum Species) Kodinar Gujarat, India

Chaurasia¹,

Karwariya²,

Gupta³

2014

IOSRJESTFT

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This study was aimed to know the effect of cement industry pollutants viz. SO 2 , NOx and PM, on morphological as well as yield characteristics of wheat (Triticum sp.) plants grown at different distance from the cement industry at Kodinar, Gujarat, India. The wheat plant near the industry showed deterioration in morphological characteristics. The study indicated that parameters reductions in wheat correlated directly with particulate pollutant which led to lower yield at more polluted site. Increased concentration of cement dust pollutant causes invisible injuries like progressive decline in photosynthetic ability and closure of leaf stomata and it affect the growth and productivity of plant. It was observed that wheat plants near the cement industry were having morphological reduction in growth and yield and as the distance from industry increases growth and yield also increases. Overall study shows that control plants were healthier in term of morphological and yield parameter. It was found that wheat plant growing near the cement industry was adversely affected.

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“…For example, highly alkaline dust like cement visibly injures plant leaves; even chemically inert dust physically affects photosynthesis and transpiration when it accumulates on leaf surfaces. Covering and plugging of stomata [13], shading [14,15], increasing leaf temperature [16,17] and removal of cuticular wax [18,19] had been used to characterize local air pollution [20]. Less attention has been given to morphological and anatomical parameters of plants as indicators of long-term responses to changing (urban) habitat quality, although parameters as specific leaf area, stomatal density and pore surface were recognized to vary depending on microclimatic conditions [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-Chemical Composition Characteristics of Juniperus and Pistacia Genera as Bio-Indicator of Construction Dust in Al- Jabal Al-Akhder-Libya

Ali¹,

Alaila²

2019

SJLS

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This study was designed to find out effect of random construction on morphological and chemical composition characteristics of Juniperus and Pistacia. Both species of the plant were collected from two different areas in AL-Gabal AL-Akhder. First area was exposed to pollution from random construction that causing dust-contaminated cement to the plants, while the second area was not contaminated. The plants which are affected by building materials and grazing have smaller wrinkled yellow to grey leaves, while the fruits look smaller in size compared to same species from clean area. Our results shown that the both species of plants (Juniperus phoenicea and Pistacia lentiscus) were get difference in amount of mineral and the phenolic contents. The levels K and Cu were significantly decreased in J. phoenicea 1 (from polluted area) compared to J. phoenicea 2 (from clean area), while the level of Ca significantly increased. Rest levels of minerals were found similar in J. phoenicea 1 and J. phoenicea 2. In another species level of Na, Fe and Ni were decreased significantly in polluted species (P. lentiscus 1) compared to clean species (P.lentiscus 2), while the levels of K and Ca was significantly increased in P. lentiscus 1 which collected from polluted area. Levels of alkaloids, coumarins, essential oil, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, saponins, sterols (triterpens) and tannins were found have similar pattern when compared J. phoenicea 1 with P. lentiscus 1 and J. phoenicea 2 with P. lentiscus 2. These results from Juniperus and Pistacia species might reflected the deteriorate effects of construction dust air pollutants, both species recommend their using as bio indicators as well as folk medicine.

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The Possible Effect of Cement Dust on Plants

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Hygroscopic particles on leaves: nutrients or desiccants?

Hygroscopic particles on leaves: nutrients or desiccants?

Impact of Cement Industry Pollution on Morphological Attributes of Wheat (Triticum Species) Kodinar Gujarat, India

Morpho-Chemical Composition Characteristics of Juniperus and Pistacia Genera as Bio-Indicator of Construction Dust in Al- Jabal Al-Akhder-Libya

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