The Possibilities of Paper Sludge Waste (PSw) Utilization in Cement Materials

Abstract

The paper production is developed throughout the world, therefore, more paper sludge waste (PSw) is accumulating. The aim of this work was to determine the properties of PSw burned at 900 °C and its impact on physical–mechanical properties of cementitious matrix and evaluate its usage/utilization possibilities in cementitious materials. For the implementation of the aim, cement-based specimens were prepared and their –mechanical properties were determined. Specimens from five compositions were formed, with 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% of the cement by weight replaced with PSw. When 5% of the cement was replaced with PSw, the compressive strength increased by approximately 7%, although density and ultrasound velocity slightly decreased (up to 1.5%). When 7.5% PSw was added, the compressive strength of the specimens decreased. To summarize, it can be stated that up to 5% PSw may be utilized/used for the preparation of cementitious mixtures. The usage of the waste allows environment conservation, reduced amount of cement in mixtures, and improvement of properties of cementitious materials.

Development of value-added sustainable products from paper mill sludge: An experimental approach

“…Azrizal et al [ 22 ] investigated the physical, chemical, and reactive properties of ash developed from the PMS and concluded that the ash could be used for different products in the building industries such as brick, concrete, etc. Banevičienė et al [ 23 ] burned the PMS at 900 °C and its impact on the physical-mechanical properties of the cementitious matrix and evaluate its usage/utilization possibilities in cementitious materials. They prepared various specimens by varying the weight percentage of the PMS.…”

Cementinio rišiklio su pramonės atliekomis ir nanosilicio dioksidu, skirto vandeniui laidžiam betonui, modifikavimas ir tyrimai

“…Disertacijos tema paskelbti devyni straipsniai: keturi Clarivate Analytics Web of Science duomenų bazės leidiniuose, turinčiuose citavimo rodiklį (Malaiskiene et al, 2019a(Malaiskiene et al, , 2021Banevičienė et al, 2021Banevičienė et al, , 2022, trys Clarivate Analytics Web of Science duomenų bazės "Conference Proceedings" leidiniuose (Malaiskiene et al, 2019b(Malaiskiene et al, , 2019cBanevičienė & Malaiškienė, 2020), vienas -kitų tarptautinių duomenų bazių leidiniuose (Banevičienė et al, 2019), vienaskitame recenzuojamame mokslo leidinyje (Banevičienė et al, 2018)…”

“…Taip pat aprašytas sukurtas tyrimo metodas portlandito išsiplovimui įvertinti. Skyriaus tematika paskelbtos penkios publikacijos (Banevičienė et al, 2018(Banevičienė et al, , 2019(Banevičienė et al, , 2021(Banevičienė et al, , 2022Malaiskiene et al, 2021).…”

“…Skyriaus tematika paskelbtos devynios publikacijos (Banevičienė et al, 2018(Banevičienė et al, , 2019(Banevičienė et al, , 2021(Banevičienė et al, , 2022Banevičienė & Malaiškienė, 2020;Malaiskiene et al, 2019aMalaiskiene et al, , 2019bMalaiskiene et al, , 2019cMalaiskiene et al, , 2021.…”

“…Nine articles have been published on the topic of the dissertation: four in Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection with Science Citation Index (Malaiskiene et al, 2019a(Malaiskiene et al, , 2021Banevičienė et al, 2021Banevičienė et al, , 2022, three in Clarivate Analytics Web of Science with Conference Proceedings Citation Index (Malaiskiene et al, 2019b(Malaiskiene et al, , 2019cBanevičienė & Malaiškienė, 2020), one in the publications of other international databases (Banevičienė et al, 2019), and one in other peer-reviewed scientific publications (Banevičienė et al, 2018)…”