The Portuguese Version of the European Deprivation Index: An Instrument to Study Health Inequalities

Prevalence and duration of breast milk feeding in very preterm infants: A 3‐year follow‐up study and a systematic literature review

“…In Portugal, EDI score resulted from the weighted sum of the following standardized variables at census block group level: % overcrowded households, % households with no bath or shower, % household with no indoor flushing, % households occupied by non‐owners, % women aged 65 or more, % individuals with low education, % individuals in low‐income occupation, and % unemployed individuals. The EDI score was categorized in quintiles of increasing deprivation (1‐least to 5‐most deprived) …”

“…11 In Portugal, EDI score resulted from the weighted sum of the following stand- score was categorized in quintiles of increasing deprivation (1-least to 5-most deprived). 12 Regarding our outcome of interest, exclusive breast milk feeding was considered when the infant received no food or drinks other than the mother's own milk or donor's milk, regardless of route of administration. Any breast milk feeding was considered if the infant received some breast milk, regardless of route of administration, and independently if it was only exclusive or mixed (the addition of formula or other food and/or drink to breast milk).…”

Tuberculosis inequalities and socio-economic deprivation in Portugal

“…The variables included and the corresponding weights for Portugal are shown in Table 1. 12 As the choice of this set of variables was based on the Townsend conceptualisation of deprivation and on robust statistical criteria, they represent the best set of variables available for capturing deprivation in Portugal available at that time and at the municipality level. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that all the variables comprising the EDI (education, 6,9 occupation, 13,14 crowding, 10,[15][16][17] home ownership, 10 housing conditions, 6 age 17 and unemployment 7,17 ) were individually associated with TB.…”

“…Covariates: socio-economic deprivation and its components The EDI for Portugal (Table 1) was used to classify small areas according to their level of socio-economic deprivation, 12 as well as the eight census variables that composed the EDI, which were individually included as covariates. The EDI and the individual variables were standardised and classified into five quintiles (from q1, the least deprived, to q5, the most deprived) because, since its inception 11 and in its applications, 24,25 the EDI has been discretised as quintiles to facilitate the identification of vulnerable communities, interpret results and compare geographic patterns of deprivation and health events.…”

Does community deprivation determine longevity after the age of 75? A cross-national analysis

“…The EDI was used in the present study, because, although there are national deprivation indexes, no other transnationally comparable index of socioeconomic deprivation exists in Europe. The construction of EDI is extensively described elsewhere (Guillaume et al 2015;Ribeiro et al 2017). Briefly, in every country, the index included socioeconomic variables related with housing conditions, social class, educational attainment, and demographics.…”