The polymer converter for effectively connecting polymer with silica optical fibres

Pura-Pawlikowska, P.; Dudek, Michał; Wonko, R.; Marć, Paweł; Kujawińska, Małgorzata; Jaroszewicz, Leszek R.

doi:10.1515/oere-2016-0014

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Manufacturing of an optical fiber microtip based on the photopolymerization process was previously described many times [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. In Figure 1 , the sketch (a) and the image (b) of the manufacturing set-up were presented.…”

Section: Microtip Manufacturing and Sensor Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown the possibility to fabricate the microtips on various optical fibers (i.e., SMFs [ 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 ], photonic crystal [ 24 ] and multi-mode fiber (MMF) made with silica [ 27 ] and plastic [ 25 ]). The most important applications of such micro-optical element are in scanning optical microscopes (SOM) [ 28 ], optical fibers interconnections [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], optical fiber couplers/splitters [ 32 ], VCESEL illumination profile controllers [ 33 ], and sensors [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. In the first application, the SMF was applied to achieve a submicron resolution of the designed optical fiber-based SOM [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first application, the SMF was applied to achieve a submicron resolution of the designed optical fiber-based SOM [ 28 ]. Low loss connections between a pair of SMFs [ 29 , 31 ] and silica and plastic MMFs [ 30 ] were also reported. The extended idea of a polymer connector was used to manufacture a 2 × 2 micro-bridge between four standard telecommunication SMFs described as an optical fiber coupler/splitter [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Polymer Microtip on a Multimode Optical Fiber as a Threshold Volatile Organic Compounds Sensor

Marć

Żuchowska

Jakubowska

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Polymer microtips are 3D microstructures manufactured on the end face of an optical fiber by using the photopolymerization process. Such micro-optic elements made on a multi-mode optical fiber were previously tested as a transducer of refractive index sensor. These studies were an inspiration to investigate the possibility of using this type of transducer to measure the presence of volatile organic compounds in the air. The experimental results of microtips polymerized with UV and VIS were reported. It was possible to detect the presence of five different volatile compounds in the air due to the sensitivity of the transducer to the refractive indices changes. These changes were induced by the vapors condensed on the microtip surface. The measured time responses have shown that the return loss decreases rapidly as the microtip is inserted inside a glass vial filled with the tested compound. Moreover, correlations between calculated dynamic ranges and refractive indices and volumes of the volatile compounds inside the vials were negligible. Therefore, this type of sensor can be categorized as a condensed material threshold sensor. This sensor can be used in warning systems for monitoring leakages of pipelines carrying volatile chemicals.

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Section: Microtip Manufacturing and Sensor Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Polymer Microtip on a Multimode Optical Fiber as a Threshold Volatile Organic Compounds Sensor

Marć

Żuchowska

Jakubowska

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…The most common methods of applying these functional materials to optical fibers is by forming an external coating after polishing the fiber [ 13 ] or fabricating a taper [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], or by filling the internal air holes in a photonic crystal fiber [ 17 ]. It is also possible to fabricate new microstructures at the end of the fiber—e.g., polymer microtips or microlenses [ 18 , 19 ]—and between two fibers of the same type or of two different types [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Organosulfur and Organophosphorus Compounds Using a Hexafluorobutyl Acrylate-Coated Tapered Optical Fibers

2022

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This paper presents the results of a study on the possibility of detecting organosulfur and organophosphorus compounds by means of polymer-assisted optical fiber technology. The detection of the aforementioned compounds can be realized by fabricating a polymer-coated tapered optical fiber (TOF), where the polymer works as an absorber, which changes the light propagation conditions in the TOF. The TOFs were manufactured based on a standard single-mode fiber for telecommunication purposes and, as an absorbing polymer, hexafluorobutyl acrylate was used, which is sensitive to organosulfur and organophosphorus compounds. The spectral measurements were conducted in a wide optical range—500–1800 nm—covering the visible part of the spectrum as well as near infrared part in order to show the versatility of the proposed solution. Additionally, detailed absorption dynamics measurements were provided for a single wavelength of 1310 nm. The analyses were conducted for two concentrations of evaporating compounds, 10 µL and 100 µL, in a volume of 150 mL. Additionally, a temperature dependency analysis and tests with distilled water were carried out to eliminate the influence of external factors. The results presented in this article confirmed the possibility to provide low-cost sensors for dangerous and harmful chemical compounds using optical fiber technology and polymers as sensitive materials.

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“…Feasibility of the polymer microelement manufactured at the end of an optical fiber was previously demonstrated in microscopy [1], as well as fiber to fiber connector technology [2]. The author's research has shown the possibility to shape the geometry of such microstructures by using selected types of optical fibers, chemical compounds, and by tuning parameters of the photopolymerization process [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflective Properties of a Polymer Micro-Transducer for an Optical Fiber Refractive Index Sensor

Marć

Żuchowska

Jaroszewicz

2020

Sensors

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A polymer microtip manufactured at the end of a multi-mode optical fiber by using the photopolymerization process offers good reflective properties, therefore, it is applicable as an optical fiber sensor micro-transducer. The reflective properties of this microelement depend on the monomer mixture used, optical fiber type, and light source initiating polymerization. Experimental results have shown that a proper selection of these parameters has allowed the design of a new class of sensing structure which is sensitive to the refractive index (RI) changes of a liquid medium surrounding the microtip. An optical backscatter reflectometer was applied to test a group of micro-transducers. They were manufactured from two monomer mixtures on three different types of multi-mode optical fibers. They were polymerized by means of three optical light sources. Selected micro-transducers with optimal geometries were immersed in reference liquids with a known RI within the range of 1.3–1.7. For a few sensors, the linear dependences of return loss and RI have been found. The highest sensitivity was of around 208 dB/RIU with dynamic 32 dB within the range of 1.35–1.48. Sensing characteristics have minima close to RI of a polymer microelement, therefore, changing its RI can give the possibility to tune sensing properties of this type of sensor.

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The polymer converter for effectively connecting polymer with silica optical fibres

Abstract: We present a micrometer−size polymer converter (microbridge)

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Polymer Microtip on a Multimode Optical Fiber as a Threshold Volatile Organic Compounds Sensor

Polymer Microtip on a Multimode Optical Fiber as a Threshold Volatile Organic Compounds Sensor

Detection of Organosulfur and Organophosphorus Compounds Using a Hexafluorobutyl Acrylate-Coated Tapered Optical Fibers

Reflective Properties of a Polymer Micro-Transducer for an Optical Fiber Refractive Index Sensor

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