The Pollination Ecology of Zenobia (Ericaceae)

Dorr, Laurence J.

doi:10.2307/2442731

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…For example, in four bog ericads examined by Reader (1975), the percentage of fruits producing seeds on unenclosed shoots ranged from 26.1 to 96.2%, while the percentage of fruits producing seeds on enclosed shoots ranged from 0 to 4.0%. Normal fruit set on Zenobia pulverulenta was estimated to be about 60% on open-pollinated plants and 10% for plants in enclosures (Dorr, 1980). In our research the amount of fruit set for enclosed Gaultheria in 1975 was higher than that obtained for plants that were open-pollinated, 15.1% for the former and 14.6% for the latter (Table I).…”

Section: Materials and Methods-to Determinecontrasting

confidence: 46%

Some Observations on the Reproductive Biology of Gaultheria Procumbens (Ericaceae)

Mirick

Quinn

1981

American J of Botany

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The pollination and fruit production of Gaultheria procumbens L. (Ericaceae), an evergreen sub‐shrub, were studied in five woodland sites in New Jersey and one in northeastern Pennsylvania. Pollinator exclusion methods at three of the sites produced no consistent differences in fruit and seed set between enclosed plants and controls. Insect pollinators, almost exclusively bumblebees, were sparse at all sites; visitation rates were about 0.01 bee visits/flower/hr. All fruits examined contained at least 35 seeds, but about half of the pistils examined, from open‐pollinated plants, did not contain enough pollen tetrads on their stigmatic surfaces to fertilize this number of ovules. However, the low average fruit set of 8.2% on open‐pollinated plants was due more to the high mortality of buds prior to anthesis than to inadequate pollination. Bud mortality was high and fruit set low in 3 years of observations at various study sites, indicating that this may be a general pattern for the species in northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. The amount of sexual reproduction showed no consistent relationship to stem density.

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Section: Materials and Methods-to Determinecontrasting

confidence: 46%

Some Observations on the Reproductive Biology of Gaultheria Procumbens (Ericaceae)

Mirick

Quinn

1981

American J of Botany

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“…Waser and Price (1981) also showed that pollinator preference can in-fluence the relative success (seeds per flower) of floral morphs in Delphinium nelsonii (Ranunculaceae). Many other studies have found that variation in reproductive success over the range of a given species is correlated with pollinator availability (e.g., Kevan 1972, Thaler and Plowright 1980, Dorr 1981, but few have shown the extent to which pollen levels rather than other factors are responsible for differences in seed-set (but see Heithaus et al 1982). This study has raised several interesting questions that I intend to follow up.…”

Section: Flowers Of Plants At Low Elevations On Pennsylvaniamentioning

confidence: 86%

Regulation of Seed‐Set in Polemonium viscosum: Floral Scents, Pollination, and Resources

Galen¹

1985

Ecology

152

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The effects of pollination and resource levels on seed—set in Polemonium viscosum were evaluated at three elevations: 3528, 3640, and 4025 m in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. Resource levels were enhanced by weeding out heterospecific neighbors of the plants studied. Flowers are either sweet— or skunk—scented, and the morphs are ecotypically adapted to differences in resource and pollination availability. At the low site, where bumble bees are uncommon and flies common, sweet flowers set fewer seeds than skunky ones; at the highest elevation were bumble bees are common and flies uncommon, sweet flowers set more seeds than skunky ones. Hand pollination increased seedset, indicating that seed—set was pollen limited at all sites. The effects of weeding on seed—set were less consistent than those of hand pollination. Nonetheless, weeding enhanced seed production in sweet—scented flower at the low elevation, and in concert with pollen supplementation also enhanced seed—set in skunky—scented flower at the medium elevation. This pattern is consistent with the hypothesis of ecotypical differentiation between the floral morphs.

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“…We were unable to detect if it buzzed the anthers. It likely inserts its long head into narrow blueberry corollas to obtain nectar, much as Rajotte (1979) Michener, 1981), was recorded by Dorr (1981) as a highly constant pollen collector on Zenobia pulverulenta. It apparently plays a role in the ecology of this ericaceous shrub similar to that of M. americana with deerberry.…”

Section: Materials and Methods-study Sites-ourmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…1). Bumble bees are often the most important pollinators ofdiverse temperate plants with poricidally dehiscent anthers, including other Ericaceae (Free, 1970;Haselrud, 1974;McGregor, 1976;Reader, 1977;Dorr, 1981). Blueberry flowers are particularily well adapted for Bombus pollination: A bumble bee grasps the bell-shaped corolla with its legs and extends its long proboscis to the nectaries at the anther bases while (presumably) vibrating the corolla to release pollen onto its venter (McGregor, 1976).…”

Section: Materials and Methods-study Sites-ourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollination studies ofthe Vaccinioideae have generally been confined to either samples of native floral visitors at wild blueberries (Boulangeretal., 1967;Finnamore and Neary, 1978;Judd,1966;l(evan, 1975;Phipps, 1930;Reader, 1977;Small, 1976;Vander Kloet, 1976) or else experimental manipulations of honey bee (Apis mellifera) densities at domestic cultivars (Brewer, Dobson and Nelson, 1969;Dorr and Martin, 1966;Filmer and Marucci, 1963;Lee, 1958;Lomond and Larson, 1983;Wood, 1961a, b). Dorr (1981) has produced the most comprehensive pollination study for a species of Ericaceae to date, with the pollinators of Zenobia pulverulenta. The more abundant native bee visitors to Vaccinium, such as species of Bombus, Andrena, Dialictus, and Colletes, collect pollen as well as nectar (Phipps, 1930;Reader, 1977;Rajotte, 1979) for use in larval provisions (Rajotte, 1979).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pollination Ecology of Vaccinium Stamineum (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae)

Cane

Eickwort

Wesley

et al. 1985

American J of Botany

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Successful fruit set by deerberry, Vaccinium stamineum (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae) requires floral visitation by insects, and in particular by bees that collect its pollen by sonication of anthers (“buzz‐pollination”). A diversity of bees visit deerberry flowers, but most species are either 1) infrequent, 2) polylectic (broad host range for pollen), or 3) principally nectar‐seeking, and so are unimportant as pollen vectors. Both sexes of the solitary, oligolectic bee Melitta americana5 (Melittidae) are abundant at flowering deerberry bushes in central New York State. Female M. americana sonicate the deerberry anthers while imbibing nectar, and carry virtually pure scopal loads of deerberry pollen, unlike the other common visitor, Xylocopa virginica (Anthophoridae). Comparative analyses of bee 1) abundances, 2) buzz‐pollination behaviors, 3) pollen fidelities, and 4) pollination efficiencies, all indicate that Melitta americana is the primary pollinator of Vaccinium stamineum.

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The Pollination Ecology of Zenobia (Ericaceae)

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Some Observations on the Reproductive Biology of Gaultheria Procumbens (Ericaceae)

Some Observations on the Reproductive Biology of Gaultheria Procumbens (Ericaceae)

Regulation of Seed‐Set in Polemonium viscosum: Floral Scents, Pollination, and Resources

Pollination Ecology of Vaccinium Stamineum (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae)

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