“…Literature has supported this assertion with numerous studies exerting that constraint on community participation in wildlife tourism are, more often than not, due to the centralized approach to tourism planning and development (Bello et al, 2017;Dikobe, 2012;Cobbinah et al, 2015;Harilal et al, 2019;Manatsha, 2014;Mokobo, 2017;Thondlhana & Cundill, 2017). For instance, research in Ghana by Cobbinah et al (2015) found the responsibilities of developing wildlife tourism and conservation to be the centralized and fragmented amongst different government departments, leading to the conceptualized local benefits of the sector not realized by the host communities.…”