The politics of local government environmental evaluations: Assessing bureaucracy in post-Reformasi Indonesia

Abstract

This article argues that bureaucracy plays politics in Indonesia, not only during the electoral periods, but also in public service. Using the case of environmental evaluation in local government, where natural resources comprise most of the local economy, this article discusses the politics of bureaucracy in undergoing daily governing processes. The environment and natural resource businesses are two opposing fields. Environmental evaluation becomes a contentious area and is usually highly political. This article identifies the bureaucracy’s politicisation in environmental evaluation as occuring in at least in two forms—in measurement and in project implementation. In terms of measurement, bureaucracy tends to use minimum standards, while in project implementation, there are some occasions where bureaucracy tends to sub-contract the work to the third party, usually NGOs, especially in relations to sensitive issues, so that it is politically safer for them, once the result is not as pleasing as expected. This article uses some cases in Central Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, Central Java, and Bangka Belitung, and applied case study as research approach.

Bureaucrats, interest groups and policymaking: a comprehensive overview from the turn of the century

“…The literature on political appointments, however, focuses largely on the presidential control over the bureaucracy and the influence of politicians or political parties (Auers, 2015;Bach et al, 2018;Ali, 2020;Alfirdaus and Manalu, 2020). Indeed, presidents and political parties are deemed the most relevant players in these studies, which are inspired by the US literature.…”